He^rwd Book 

of 




The Cathedra! of St. Peter and SL Paul 

IV!t. St. Atban, Washington, D. C. 



PtBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE BISHOP AND CHAPTER OF WASHINGTON 
Sixth Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 

PRICE, 25 CENTS 



DCational Cathedral School 
for Sirls 

Building presented to the Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Foundation of the 
District of Columbia by /DbtS. iPbOCbC B. ?Hcar0t 

Uhe Church School for Sirls 
of the SDiocese of Washington 



The Rt. Rev. Alfred Harding, D.D., LL.D., 
President of the Board of Trustees. 



Mrs. Barbour Walker, M.A., 
Principal 



Fireproof building, within the Cathedral grounds of forty acres, overlooking 
the National Capital. . . 

Unrivaled advantages in music. Practice rooms equipped with new Stem- 
way Pianos. 

Large, well-equipped studio. 

Physical, Chemical and Biological Laboratories. 

Modern Gymnasium. 

Tennis, Basket-Bail and other outdoor sports. 

Individual Teaching in every grade. Certificate admits to College. Grad- 
uate courses. 



foundation S^uilders' Certificates 
'Washington Catltedral 

"Cathedral Builders" wanted who, by an offering of five 
dollars ($5.00) payable at one time or in annual instalments of one 
dollar ($1.00), will help build the Foundations of the Cathedral. 
The names of "Cathedral Foundation Builders" are recorded 
in the Book of Remembrance. 

Address: The Cathedral Library, 
Mount St, Alban, 
Washington, D. C. 



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B8 


1911 




Copy 


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WASHINGTON CATHEDR/ 

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Published by the Authority of the 
Bishop and Chapter of Washington 



Sixth Edition 

Revised and Enlarged 



.X\,^ Edited by 

G. C. F! BrATENAHL, D. D., Canon of IFashinglon Cathedral 
Mt. St. Alban, Washington, D. C. 



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Copyrighl, 1911, by 
Alfred Harding, bishop of Washington 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 



PAGE 

Altar, The 52 

Ambon, The 58 

Baptistery and Jordan Font 64 

Bethlehem Chapel of the Holy Nativity 30 

Bishop Claggett's Tomb 86 

Boys' School 66 

Braddock Boulder 70 

Canterbury Ambon 58 

Cathedral Organization 11 

Cathedral Services, List of 71 

Chapter, The 11 

Churches and Missions 102 

Close, The 45 

Constitution, The 74 

Corner-Stone Service 84 

Council, The 11 

Description of the Proposed C \thkiik ai 8 

Dimensions of Great Cathedrals 26 

Drinking-Water Fountain 70 

English Church and Papal Claims, The 96 

I'"aith of the Framers of the Constitution of the United States 93 

I''aitii of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence 94 

Ih)RM of Testamentary Disposition 104 

I'^oundation Stone Service 83 

Girls' School 68 

Glastonbury Cathedra 54 

Glastonbury Thorn 61 

Glossary 99 

Hilda Stone and Book of Remkmbkance, The 56 

1 J 1 storic Episcopate 87 

1 1 istorical Notes 78 

In the Name of a Disciple 39 

Interior of the Little Sanctuary 53 

Ion A Stone, The 57 



TABLE OF COXTE><TS.~Continucd. 

PAGE 

Jkrusalem Altar Tablet 52 

Jordan Stones, The 65 

Landmark and Sundial 61 

Little Sanctijary and Its Contents 48 

Mace, The 80 

Missions and Che'rches 102 

National Cathedral School for Bovs 66 

National Cathedral School for Girls 68 

Open-Air Services 71 

Pan-American Missionary Service 82 

Peace Cross and Salem Place 46 

Peace Cross Service 80 

People's Open-Aie Drinking-Watkr I'"olntain 70 

Roman Church — Erroneous Claims 96 

Saint Chrysostom Fund 47 

Salem Place and Peace Cross 46 

Seal of Diocese of Wash inoton 72 

Seal of Washington Cathedral 73 

Services, List of 71 

Sinai Cross, The 60 

Tomb of Bishop CLA(:;(;i:Tr ' 86 

Washington Catheoral. The ILxterdiu 16 

" " The Interior 20 

The Size 24 

" " The Seai 73 

" " The CoNSTrruTioN 74 

\Vh iTnv Abbey 56 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



PAGE 

Map of Cathkdral GROL'.\ns ( I'acts page 2 of cover.) 

ViKw OF West Facade of CatheBral 2 

Washington from Cathedral Close 9 

ViKw OF THE U. S. Capitol Through All Hallow's Gate 13 

View of Cathedral From Southwest 17 

View of Nave of Cathedral 21 

Ground Plan of Cathedral 27 

Interior of Bethlehem Chapel 31 

Ground Plan of Bethlehem Chapei 33 

Foundation Builders' Plan 37 

Bishop Satterlee 40 

Christian Unity Service 43 

The Close 44 

People's Open-Air Evensong 46 

The Little Sanctuary and Choir School 49 

The Little Sanctuary, Interior 50 

Jerusalem Stones Leaving Holy City 52 

The Glastonbury Cathedra 55 

The Hilda Stone and Book of Remembrance 56 

The Zona Stone 57 

The Canterbury Ambon 59 

The Sinai Cross 60 

The Landmark and Sundiai 61 

The Glastonbury Thorn : 61 

The Baptistery 62 

The Jordan Font 64 

Gathering the Stones in River Jordan 65 

National Cathedral School for Boys 66 

Boys' School Baseball Team 67 

The National Cathedral School for Girls 68 

The Entrance Hall, Girls' Schooi 69 

The Drinking- Water I-'ountain 70 

The Braddock Boulder 70 

St. Alban's Church 71 

Seal of Diocese 72 

Seal of Cathedral 73 

The Mace 80 

LInveiling of the Peace Cross 81 

The Foundation Stone Service 83 

Corner-Stone Service 85 

Bishop Claggett's Tom i; 86 

George Washington 93 

Signers of the Declaration of Independence 94-95 

Brotherhood of St. Andrew Service 101 

The BiSHor of London Preaching 103 




\11-:\V OF WKST FACAliK ol W AM I 1 .\« ■ I < »A v..\lllKUKAL 

[From the Architect's drawing. 



jForeUiorD. 

VNEW edition of the Hand Book of Washington Cathcrh'al having 
become necessary, advantage has been taken of the opportunity 
tliLis afforded to bring thie subject-matter up to date. For. under the 
blessing of Ahnighty God, the great work, so successfully begun by our 
l)eloved first Bishop, the Right Reverend Doctor Henry Yates Satterlee, 
has not been suffered to lie dormant, l)Ut has progressed steadily along 
the lines advocated and made possible by him. His life of great faith, 
of unceasing prayer, of patient investigation, of matured convictions, 
of extraordinary labors, has borne splendid fruit. We may not meas- 
ure its fertility l)y what he accomplished in his lifetime, but by the 
enduring power of his example and especially by the vitality he im- 
parted to the great ideals embodied in the National Cathedral Founda- 
tion for the promotion of religion, education, and charity. 

The best tribute that can be rendered to Bishop Satterlee is to 
carry forward to realization, as God shall enable us, those ideals for 
which he worked and prayed unceasingly, and which he has bequeathed 
as a legacy to us. 

The Cathrdr.al Committees. 

In endeavoring to do this, the Bishop and Chapter have been splen- 
didly sustained Ijy the loving co-operation of the Clergy and people of 
tlie Diocese, by friends of the Cathedral throughout the whole country, 
and not least by the Cathedral Committees formed by Bishop Satterlee. 
These Committees have continued their efforts in behalf of the Cathe- 
dral with the same unremitting zeal which characterized them during 
the lifetime of their founder. It is our earnest hope that such com- 
mittees may be formed in all cities. 

Our First Work — Tiiic Crypt Ch.xpel. 

Our eff'orts have been concentrated specially on the building of the 
Bethlehem Chapel of the Holy Nativity, as the first part of the Cathe- 
dral to l)e constructed, and as the fitting memorial of Bishop Satterlee's 
life and labor>. It wa-. his own suggestion that this Chapel in the 
(^•ypt might be l)uilt ,'is a memorial, and in such case might be made, 
bv the generosit\ of the donor, ver\- beautiful. When the Bishop was 
taken from us. it was felt b\- all that his suggestion was prophetic, and 
that we must build the Bethlehem Chapel as his memorial, and make it 
"exceeding niasnifical." 



■TiiK Foundations. 

To this end, it was necessary to lay in first the massive founda- 
tions of the Sanctuary and Chancel of the Cathedral, on which the 
Bethlehem Chapel is now heing erected, and over the roof of which, 
in due time, the glorious Chancel and Sanctuary will rise. It is our 
plan, after the Bethlehem Chapel is completed, to hend our energies, as 
urged upon us hy the Architects, to the laying in of all the rest of the 
foundations of the Cathedral, before any further superstructure is 
allemptcd, so tliat the whole foundatimi iiki\' l)e well bonded together. 

The Stone. 

Much time and lalnir has been expended in im])ortant investiga- 
tions and decisions. ])reliminary to so great an undertaking as the 
Cathedral building. Among these was the selection of the stone, of 
which it should be builded. After consulting experts and hearing 
reports of Commissions, who visited quarries in various places. Indiana 
Limestone was chosen, a stone both Ijeautiful and durable, and well 
adapted to our climate and to Gothic Architecture. 

T][i': Working Plans. 

Much time and labm- lias been expended b\- the Architect, Mr. 
Henry \'aughan. in the i)reparation of the working drawings and 
specifications for the foundations and for the Bethlehem Chapel. 

The Result. 

The result of these labors is to be found in foundations of greater 
solidity and strength, according to the opinion of eminent engineers, 
than those of any public building in Washington. Of the Bethlehem 
Chapel of the Holv Xativitv it is not too much to sa}', that the plans 
as now developed will give us the most beautiful Crypt Chapel in the 
world. This is as it should lie, for it is the memorial of a singularly 
beautiful and saintly life. Xot only is it to be very beautiful, but it 
carries out in full the ideal and vision of Bishop Satterlee, as set forth 
in the Cathedral Builders' Book. As the basis of our most holy Faith 
is the Incarnation of our r)lessed Lord, so at the liasis of the Cathedral 
structure he desired to see a Chapel devoted to the mystery of the 
Incarnation. He named it: "The I'ethlehem Chapel of the Nativity." 
Accordingly, in every part, in painted window, in statues, in the carving 
on Altar and Reredos. in fitting texts on wall and lintel, the story of 
the little town of Bethlehem, and the story of the Nativity, the messages 
of prophets, and the songs and messages of the angels, are told. 

4 



Recent Gifts. 

Already, through the generous kindness of a few friends of the 
Cathedral, everything needed for the interior of the Bethlehem Chapel 
has been provided. In this way, the five great windows for the Apse, 
the Altar and Reredos and Chancel furniture, the Organ, the Lectern, 
the Altar Cross and Sacred Vessels, and the seating, have been given. 
One splendid gift covers the expense of an extra bay of the founda- 
tion, which had to be laid in this year to afiford proper access to the 
Bethlehem Chapel. 

The Bishop's House. 

Provision has also been made by a generous Washington Church- 
woman for the immediate erection of a Bishop's House to be called the 
"Mabel Murray Memorial," on the Cathedral Close, near by the 
future Cathedral. The plans and specifications are being prepared, and 
it is hoped that the building will be soon begun. On February 7th„ 
after a celebration of the Holy Communion in the Little Sanctuary,, 
ground was broken for this House with solemn prayer and praise.. 
When this House is built, it will become at once a center of unity for 
the whole Cathedral work. 



Our Hope. 

All this is most encouraging. For these manifestations of God's 
blessings, we are deeply thankful. Now we are praying that He may 
put it into the hearts of His faithful people to make such gifts, as 
will enable us to pay for the Chapel itself, when it is finished. Then 
our beautiful Memorial to Bishop Satterlee would be fully and worthily: 
accomplished. 

Looking to the Future. 

It is a great step forward to have actually begun in the years 1910 
and 1911 the structure of the great Cathedral building. We shall pro- 
ceed, as we have said, to lay in all the rest of the foundations, and then 
to build the superstructure, as God, through the ofiferings of His people, 
shall give us the requisite means. 

To this end, we are endeavoring to form Cathedral Committees 
throughout the whole land, and through them to give every patriotic 
American Churchman and Churchwoman an opportunity to contribute.- 
and to have a share in building the National Cathedral. 



'I'm: W'lni-: Scopp: of Our [""oundatiox. 

The scope and plan of the National Cathedral Foundation in 
Washington is., however, larger and wider than the erection of the 
Cathedral and the maintenance of the worship and preaching of the 
Gospel in it. The huilding is essential to that important feature of the 
work. May God hasten its completion to the end that its witness to 
Christ in the Capital may he felt, that its noble and uplifting architec- 
ture, and its solemn and beautiful services, may touch the hearts 
of men. 

But the Cathedral foundation contemplated from the beginning 
work on the lines of Christian education, missions, charity, and the 
promotion of Christian learning and Christian unity. 

Our Schools. 

Two important schools, one for boys and one for girls, are in 
successful operation on the Cathedral Close. Their helpfulness and in- 
fluence could be greatly increased by additional buildings already 
greatly needed, and by endowments, enabling us to give to many worthy 
applicants partial or full scholarships. Our profound conviction is 
that such Christian, secondary schools, should rivet the attention of 
Churchmen of means, as worthy of some of the benefactions so freely 
poured out on colleges and universities. It is plain to thoughtful 
minds that it is in the preparatory schools that our children's charac- 
ters, their moral and religious natures, their principles, their sense of 
duty, of order, and their powers of application are developed. In 
perhaps the majority of cases, the secondary school gives all that a 
boy or girl gets in the way of education. It is the minority only that 
can afford to go to college. This great educational work is being car- 
ried on under tlie Cathedral Foundation. 



Mission Prraciikrs. 

To provide special preachers and lecturers in schools and colleges, 
and preachers of Missions in our Parishes, as well as at Open-air Serv- 
ices and in the streets, is another object of the Cathedral Foundation. 
When the Canon Missioner is appointed this work will be under him. 

The T.irrary. 

On the Cathedral Close there will be a great Christian Library for 
the use of scholars and the whole community. There is nothing of this 
kind in Washington. We have already the nucleus of such a collection 
of books. When such a Library is established in a suitable building, 
it will be a place where the retired and aged clergy will find opportuni- 
ties of usefulness, and, therefore, added happiness during the remainder 
of their lives. 

6 



The Clergy Village. 

The Clergy village, where retired clergymen could build homes of 
heir own, or grateful Parishes or friends could build them for them, 
:lose by the Cathedral, so that they could enjoy and assist in its serv- 
ces, and use its Library, is one of the possibilities of the future which 
vill doubtless elicit the practical interest of benevolent people. 

A Great Foundation. 

Thus the Cathedral Foundation of Washington is to be practically 
I Church University with its departments for the promotion of religion, 
earning, charity, and good-will among all Christian people. Its objects 
ire more appealing and infinitely more important than many of the 
^reat foundations for various objects to which so many millions have 
■ecently been given. 

The Kasson Fund. 

The great benefaction of the Honorable John A. Kasson, long- 
ime member of the Chapter and fully acquainted with its large scope 
md important objects, gives us hope that other stewards of large wealth 
nay see as he did the worth of the Cathedral Foundation to the Church 
and to the Nation. In his will he gave it his unqualified endorsement, 
ind wisely provided that the income from his legacy should be available 
and used for the maintenance of the Cathedral, for its work of preach- 
ing and charity, before or after the erection of the Cathedral fabric. 

What Octr Friends May Do. 

With so much to encourage us in this great undertaking, we are 
asking our friends to help us to make its progress and its ideals more 
fully known. We want them to tell it out abroad that large sums 
are needed and desired from all loyal Churchmen "according as God 
hath prospered them." Above all, we ask that in faith and love, and 
in the hope that maketh not ashamed, our friends will add to their 
daily devotions 

A Prayer 

For the Building of Washington Cathedral. 

O Lord Jesus Christ, who hast taught us that all things are possible 
to him that believeth, and that thou wilt favourably hear the prayers 
of those who ask in thy Name ; We plead the fulfillment of thy promise, 
and beseech thee to hasten the building, in the Capital of this nation, 
of thy House of Prayer for all people. Make speed to help us, O Lord, 
whom with the Father and the Holy Spirit, we worship and glorify as 
one God, world without end. Amen. 

Alfred Harding, 
Bishop of Washington. 
Easter, A. D. 1911. 

7 



COasbington CatfteDral 

AND THE 

Working Out of an Ideal. 

(From the Cathedral Builders' iiook, by the Rt. Rev. Henry Yates 
Satterlee, D. D., LL. D.) 

The idea of a great Cathedral, or House of God for all people, in 
Washington, may be traced to the latter part of the 18th Century, and 
to the foundation of the City itself. 

According to Major I'Enfant, the French architect employed by 
General Washington to plan the "Federal City," as it was then called, 
the erection of such a building was in the mind of the Father of his 
Country himself. L'Enfant thus described it: "A Church (to be 
erected) for national purposes, such as public prayer, thanksgiving,, 
^uncral orations, etc. ; and be assigned to the special use of no partic- 
^ilar denomination or sect ; but be equally open to all. It will likewise 
be a shelter for such monvunents as were voted by the last Continental 
Congress for the heroes who fell in the cause of liberty." 

But, of course, the erection of such a church was found to be im- 
possible, in a land where Church and State are irrevocably separated : 
and, therefore, nothing was, or could be, done in tliis direction. The 
idea was, therefore, abandoned, and the chosen site was afterward 
appropriated to the erection of the present Patent Office. 

The Cathedral lni-:A. 

The popular idea of a Cathedral is that of a stately structure, in 
wliici) imposing religious services are held, and which impresses all 
l)eholders by its size and architectural magnificence. It is true that a 
great building always exercises a great influence, and the way in which 
visitors to Washington are impressed by the Capitol Building, and 
Americans traveling abroad by the great Cathedrals of Europe, is a 
striking evidence of this power. But this is only one part, and that,, 
the smallest part, of the divine objects wliich a Cathedral is intended 
to subserve. 

Long before the material structure of tlie Cathedral Church of 
St. Peter and St. Paul was planned, the ideal of a Cathedral, in it.s. 

8 



o 

O 
3 









WORSHIP and WORK, tloated before the minds of the Bishop and Chap- 
ter. That ideal is perhaps best embodied in the Preamble to the Con- 
stitution of the Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Foundation, which 
reads as follows : 

"The purpose of the Cathedral Church in the Diocese of Wash- 
ington is threefold: 

"first. It shall be a House of Prayer for all people, for ever free 
and open, welcoming all who enter its doors to hear the glad tidings of 
the Kingdom of Heaven, and to worship God in spirit and in truth. 
It shall stand in the Capital of our country as a witness for Jesus 
Christ, the same yesterday, to-day and forever; and for the Faith once 
for all delivered to the saints ; and for the ministration of Christ's Holy 
Word and Sacraments, which according to His own divine ordinance, 
is to continue always unto the end of the world. 

"Second. It shall be the Bishop's Church, in which his Cathedra is 
placed. Inasmuch as he is called to an apostolic office, and apostolic 
duties are laid upon him, this Cathedral Church is to be so built, and 
its organization is to be so ordered, as to afiford him, without let or 
hindrance or division of his apostolic authority, full and free oppor- 
tunity for discharging the responsibilities of his sacred office. 

"Third. It shall be the Mother Church of the Diocese, maintaining 
and developing under the pastoral direction of the Bishop and the Dean, 
his X'icar, the fourfold work of a Cathedral, viz.: 

"Worship, under the guidance of a Precentor; 
"Missions, under the guidance of a Missioner; 
"Education, under the guidance of a Chancellor; 
"Charity, under the guidance of an Almoner. 

"The better to subserve this purpose, all supra-parochial organiza- 
tions in the Diocese, evangelical and missionary, theological and educa- 
tional, devotional and musical, charitable and institutional, should be 
affiliated with the Cathedral as far as possible. 

"The work of the Cathedral is not to be that of a Parish Church, 
because its sphere is above and beyond that of the parish. So far from 
interfering with parochial life, it must be a help and inspiration to all 
llu' ])arishes of the Diocese. 

"The further and more definite organization of the different parts 
of the Cathedral Foundation, in its relation to the Diocese ancl the 
Church at large, the functions of the different officers, the responsi- 
bilities, privileges, and limitations of each office, tlie different spheres of 
activity and matters of detail, are left open for adjustment as the work 
develops. 

"The Iiishop. the members of the Cathedral Chapter, and the mem- 
Ijers of the Cathedral Council are charged with ihe responsibility, first, 

10 



of maintaining for the time to come, in the spirit of the Anglican Basis 
for Church Unity, this ideal of the Cathedral of Washington, so that 
its work may be paramount and progressive ; and, secondly, of securing 
that godly co-operation in the Church, which is set forth by St. Paul 
in the twelfth and thirteenth Chapters of the First Epistle to the 
Corinthians." 

For God axd Our Country. 

The working out of the ideal of a Cathedral in the Capital of the 
nation would be incomplete without including its national as well as 
religious aspects. 

Washington Cathedral has a special office and mission for God to 
fulhll in the life and welfare of this Nation, and appeals to the sym- 
pathy, moral convictions, and generous support of all true patriots as 
well as all loyal sons of the Church. 

From time immemorial, religious and patriotic associations have 
been intertwined. As the love of God spontaneously inspires the love 
of country, so the instinct of patriotism, at its highest, always passes 
into a p raver to God. Even in the Ten Commandments, the Fatherland 
is called "The Land which the Lord thy God giveth thee." 

And this is pre-eminently true of our own country, for when we 
look back to colonial times — whether to the history of Virginia or 
Massachusetts, of Xew York or Connecticut, of Pennsylvania or Mary- 
land — a Christian can not but recognize that our nation was born of 
(iod. The very principles upon which the Commonwealth has been 
founded were drawn from the Bible, which is the Divine charter of 
all true and lasting Liberty, Fraternity and Equality. 

The Signers of the Declaration of Independence and the Framers 
of the Constitution were men of Christian principle, nurtured in Chris- 
tian homes ; indeed, the large majority of them were Churchmen as 
well as patriots, and it is our priceless heritage, not only, that we have 
the memory of their patriotic lives to inspire us, but also the remem- 
brance that they held, from religious conviction, the necessity of the 
separation of Church and State. They read understandingly the past 
history of the Christian era, which shows conclusively that both Church 
and State have been fettered when connected together, and that it was 
contrary to tlie very spirit of the Gospel, either to make the State relig- 
ious througli coercion, or to reduce the Church to a politico-ecclesias- 
tical institution. 

Though the popular mind has been accustomed to dwell chiefly on 
the disadvantages to the State in such an alliance. Christians are begin- 

11 



ning to perceive that, through all, the Church of Christ herself was the 
greatest sufferer ; for while the State represents only the average moral 
standard of the community and the consensus of the governed, the 
Church was commissioned hy Christ to go teach all nations whatsoever 
He had commanded, and if she disobeys that command, she not only 
ceases to be a spiritual guide to the people, but causes them to lose faith 
in the Christian Religion. Beneath all reforms of State or common- 
wealth is that spirit of reform which Christ inspires in the hearts of his 
followers, and Christ's Reform means that, through love to God and to 
our neighbor, God's kingdom will come when God's will is done on 
earth as it is in heaven. 

If the word "Selfishness" is substituted for "Freedom" in the 
popidar maxim, "Every man must be free up to the point where his 
freedom interferes zvith the freedom of others," this would express 
what myriads mean by modern civilization (though this idea is as old 
as Plato). 

But to the Chtirch all reforms, which are based on the principle of 
self-interest, enlightened or unenlightened, as the sole motive in com- 
merce, or trade, in the commonwealth or the progress of civilization, 
are a compromise with the very power which the Gospel of Christ 
seeks to overcome. 

The Church was ordained to present the Christian Religion not 
only as a creed l)ut as a life; not only as a religious confession. luit a 
religious example ; and it is therefore of the highest importance tliat 
she should thus stand as a witness for Christ at the Capital of the 
Nation. 

Unlike the Medieval Cathedrals of Europe, with their deep-rooted 
customs and traditions of a united Church and State, Washington 
Cathedral will stand on the firm foundation of a Free Church in a Free 
State — free from any entangling alliance with the government; free to 
declare the whole Word of God without fear or favor of any political 
party; free to send a Savonarola into the Cathedral pulpit, to hold up 
the Gospel standard of Christ Himself amid those evils which honey- 
comb the social and political life of the capital of every modern nation ; 
free to ]:)roclaim fearlessly the danger of denying Christ and becoming 
"sub-Christian," when the tendency of the people is to accept no higher 
ethic than that of civil government itself ; free to exercise spiritual 
leadershi]) when the influences of such leadershi]) will ];e needed and 
felt ; and welcomed by high-minded statesmen themselves. 

12 




VIEW OF THE U. S. CAPITOL THROUGH ALL HALLOW'S GATE 



'I'liis is a new sphere for a Cathedral to fill, which will make it 
distinctively an American Cathedral ; it opens out new possibilities and 
vast opportunities for usefulness for the extension of the Kingdom of 
Heaven : and the extension of Christ's Kingdom is the only way out 
of many evils that the kingdoms of this world have brought into exist- 
ence. 1lie very fact of the necessary and complete separation of 
Church and State and the ignoring of all Religion in the written Con- 
stitution of our Country emphasizes the need that the Church should 
bear unfaltering witness for Jesus Christ at the seat of Government, 
and increases her God-given responsil)ilities regarding the Nation itself. 

The Cathedral Building. 

The Cathedral of Washington is to be a center of worship and 
devotional life. It is to be a center for Church work and an inspiration 
to the workers. It is to express and satisfy our esthetic and artistic 
aspirations by the beauty of its proportions and its architecture. It 
is to l)e a witness for Jesus Christ in the Capital of the Country, in 
its stately magnificence. It is to be a House of Prayer for all people, 
and to impress all who enter its doors with its religious atmosphere. 

The Bishop, Chapter, and Architects have Ijeen of one heart and 
mind in feeling that all these different needs would be met and satisfied, 
if the Cathedral of Washington is built to express the triumph of the 
Christian Faith, in the Incarnation, Crucifixion, Resurrection, and 
Ascension of the reigning Christ and stand as an Apostles Creed in 
stone. 

This has been the inspiration and ruling idea of the Architects 
in designing every part, from the Great Doorway of the West-Front 
to the .\pse, with its Sanctuary, at the East. As Christ is "The Light 
of the World," so the Cathedral has been built, as we shall see when 
we come to describe its interior, around the beam of sunlight which 
falls upon the Altar. "Thy Name, O Ford, endureth for ever, and so 
doth Thy memorial, O Lord, from one generation to another." 

The Choice of Architects. 

Within one month of the final payment of the mortgage on the 
Cathedral Close by Mrs. Julian-James, the Cathedral Chapter requested 
Messrs. D. IF. I'.urnham and Charles F. McKim, of the "I'ark Commis- 
sion," a])pointed l)y Congress, and Mr. IJernard R. Cjreen, Sir L". Purdon 

14 



Clarke and Professor Moore of Harvard University, to act as an Ad- 
visory Board, regarding the site of the Cathedral and the method of 
procedure in the choice of architects. At the end of four months, this 
Board unanimously advised, ( 1 ) that the Cathedral should be built on 
the highest part of the Close, from which the ground slopes on every 
side; (2) that there should be no competition whatever, and that the 
man, not the plan, should be chosen. Regarding the style of architec- 
ture there were differences of opinion ; but that was not an open ques- 
tion, as the Chapter had already unanimously decided that the style 
should be Gothic. 

It was then decided also, after accepting this report, that dift'erent 
architects in America and England should be invited, not to send in 
plans for the future Cathedral, but drawings of Gothic work, which 
had been designed and completed by them. 

During the summer of 1906, while members of a Cathedral Com- 
mittee appointed by the Chapter were extending this invitation to, and 
corresponding with, dift"erent American architects, the Bishop of the 
Diocese went to England, and had the opportunity of conferences with 
Bishops of the English Church, and with architects and others, who 
were skilled in Gothic construction. 

In October, 1906, the Bishop and Special Committee reported at a 
Chapter meeting what they had done during the summer ; and the 
Chapter then, by a unanimous vote, selected Mr. Henry Vaughan, of 
Boston, and Dr. G. F. Bodley, R. A., of London, to prepare and present 
designs for Washington Cathedral. In December, Messrs. Vaughan 
and Bodley came to Washington to study the site and confer with the 
Chapter. Six months after, they submitted the Designs which are 
printed in this pamphlet ; and, after careful consideration, these plans 
were unanimously accepted both by the Cathedral Chapter and the 
Cathedral Council. 



The Style of the Cathedral. 

Xo other style of architecture is so distinctly Christian as Gothic. 
It is hallowed by the Christian associations of the ages and links the 
present with the past in Devotion and Common Prayer. 

As the Architects sav in their Report, the Cathedral will be "Gothic 
of the Fourteenth Century, a style of architecture the most beautiful, 
as we think, that the world has ever seen."' 



15 



'l"hi> "Decorated" style, as it is often called, characterizes the 
period, after Gothic architecture had passed through the imperfec- 
tions of its formative stage, and before the exaggerations of its age 
■of decadence. 

Again, while Washington Cathedral will be, on the whole, English 
Gothic, for instance in its "long drawn aisle," its proportions of parts, 
its great central tower, the dark line of its triforium beneath the 
■clerestory windows, its geometric tracery and other features ; still, 
these will be intermingled with features of the French Gothic which are 
no less distinctive. Such are the great doorways of the west front, 
the apsidal Chancel, the shape of the flying Imttresses, and the enrich- 
ment and carving of various parts. The aim of the architects has 
been, not to copy and raise, on American soil, any particular Cathedral 
•of England or the Continent, but to reproduce the Gothic style itself, 
in its best period and in the spirit of the old Masters. 

Hence, it has been, to those who have seen the designs, a vivid 
reminder of the Cathedral with which they are most familiar, whether 
that be Canterbury or Westminster Abbey, York Minster or Lincoln, 
■Cologne or Rheims. Thus. Washington Cathedral is thoroughly typical 
of the best period of Gothic architecture, and yet, at the same time, 
it has an individuality all its own. 

The Exterior of the Cathedral. 

In the majestic beauty of the exterior the designs for Washington 
Cathedral have surpassed all expectations. 

Standing on the highest part of Mount St. Alban, nearly four hun- 
dred feet above the Potomac, covering an acre and a half of land, with 
the ground sloping awa)' from it on every side, its roof line will appear 
to the eye on a level with the top of the Washington Monument. As 
seen from the esplanade of the Capitol, and other parts of Washington, 
the Cathedral (see ])age 17) will loom up on the top of the hill which 
cuts against the Western horizon, with its three towers mounting 
upward above it pointing heavenward. And it may be said here, that 
towers instead of spires were chosen because, as Washington is in the 
same latitude as Southern Italy, or the Alhambra in Spain, spires, in 
the bright, golden sunshine of our atmosphere, would appear attenuated 
and indistinct. Italy has always campaniles instead of spires. Also, 
while spires lend beauty to churches in the valley, towers seem more 
congruous with churches on the hill. The great central tower of 

16 



\\ a.^liins^ton (Jathedral will rise 220 feet in height. In recessed panels 
below the long belfry windows, there will be figures of angels, each 
with a scroll in hand, upon which may be read the words, "Glory to 
God in the highest and on earth Peace, Good Will towards Men." As 
it was from the li])s of those Herald Angels that the Church caught 
first the word "Ciospel" — "the glad tidings from Heaven" ; and as the 
angelic "Gloria in Excelsis Deo" is the aspiration which has given 
rise to the great Cathedral, it is most appropriate that this thought 
should find expression in its Central Tower. 

Passing down from tower to roof and walls, one w'ill observe the 
flying buttresses, the deeply recessed window^s of transepts, the tracery 
of the clerestory windows, the carved parapet, the crocketed pinnacles, 
the statues with their canopies, and the ornamental use of words from 
the Canticles of Morning and Evening Prayer. 

Regarding ornamentation, the architects say in their report : 

"One word as to the treatment of the building as regards its rich- 
ness, or the reverse. We think the drawings show that it is rich 
enough. That there should be plenty of surface of massive stone 
ashlar (or plain surface) is most desirable for all good architecture, 
especially with a building so large as this. A small building may be 
rich all over, but it is beneath the dignity of a great one. For a large 
building, if well designed, has an instinctive dignity and a grandeur 
about it that may well dispense wdth too lavish exuberance of orna- 
ment. yVgain, there shorild be concentration of richness and not a 
spreading of it all over a building. We think our building is rich 
enough. Internally, the Screen and the Reredoses, the Stalls, and the 
Bishop's throne, could be as rich as any donor likes to make them ; but 
we think the fabric is sufficiently ornate, taking it as a whole. That 
it will be impressive by its size and dignity we doubt not. As we have 
said, we have suggested a good many statues wdiich will give mucli 
interest to the building. They cotild be added by degrees." 

It will also be observed that the ornamentation on the exterior, 
as well as the interior, increases, as one approaches the chancel end, 
or Sanctuary of the Cathedral, where the decoration reaches its climax 
of richness. 

Passing now to the West Facade, the first distant view conveys 
the impression of security and defence. "The name of the Lord is a 
st!"ong tower. The righteous entcreth into it and is safe." Christ is 
the Pock of .Ages and Ilis Cliurcli is a rock of refuge. 

IK 



Tlie battlemented towers of the Cathedral with their precipitous 
sides, the dark cavernous porticoes beneath, the rugged massive but- 
tresses, casting their long deep shadows as they mount upward, are all 
a vivid reminder of the Cathedral-like forms so often seen in the 
Dolomites and other mountains. 

On a near approach one beholds the architectural features and 
details of the Fagade. The two Towers of the West-Front, while they 
liave all the quiet dignity and simplicity of tlie Campanile below, are 
full of Gothic feeling and delicate tracery above, where they mount 
upward into the clear blue sky. 

Between these towers is the great central doorway, flanked by a 
smaller one on either side. This is a unique feature of Washington 
Cathedral. It is different from the Facade of English Cathedrals (ex- 
cept those of Peterborough and Lincoln), where the large rose windows 
of the West-Front dwarf the entrance beneath — because in that more 
northern clime the west light is needed for the interior; different, too, 
from the richly carved and recessed doors of the Cathedrals of France, 
whose depth and beauty are gained by the device of Gothic porches 
which project before and mask the Cathedral Fac^ade itself. 

The silent grandeur of these great Doorways of Washington 
Cathedral will be exceedingly impressive. It can be partially realized, 
even in the accompanying view of the West-Front, if one contrasts the 
human forms on the steps below, with the arches which rise above 
them. The central arch is seventy feet in height, and the two side ones 
fifty feet, piercing the two lofty Towers of the West-Front. 

Above the central arch is another unique feature which is more 
distinctively characteristic of the French Gothic style. Here, instead 
of a row of statues, there is a large bas-relief of a group, with a figure 
of Christ in the center, which, at the first glance, might seem to be 
symbolical of the Last Judgment, wrought in the very spirit of the 
old prophets. 

This impression fades and yet lingers in the background, on a 
nearer and more distinct view of the group. The symbolism, however, 
comes not of Dante, but from the New Testament itself. The bas- 
relief represents Christ in the Temple, as, with uplifted hand, He gave 
the only charge which He ever uttered about a church building: "My 
House shall be called the House of Prayer." On His right hand 
stand the Apostles, the children holding palm branches and singing 
their glad hosannas, while the blind and the lame kneel before Him 

19 



to be healed, as they (Hd in the Temple on Palm Sunday. ( )n Ills 
left hand are seen the shrinking and retreating forms of Annas and 
the Chief Priests, with Judas in their midst, all convicted by their 
own consciences, as, with the authority of the Eternal Judge, Christ 
casts out the buyers and the sellers and the money changers from His 
House of Prayer. 

While, therefore, this bas-relief of Christ in the Temple is a 
warning to all who pass beneath it, into this House of God, against 
that sordid, idolatrous spirit of covetousness, which brought on the 
crucifixion of the Son of God, it tells, on the other hand, of Christ's 
tender love and compassionate care for the poor, the maimed, the help- 
less, and all, whosoever they may be, who enter these doors to pray. 

Standing thus in the forefront of the Cathedral the scene is full 
of deep symbolism and significance. Those words : "My House shall 
be called the House of Prayer for all people," though spoken to Jewish 
ears, must have been chiefly intended by Christ as a charge to His 
Church and to Christians for all future time, for He uttered them 
when He was bidding farewell to the Jewish Temple forever and was 
foretelling its final destruction. 

The Interior of the Cathedral. 

The three Archways of the West-Front lead to a spacious portico 
which in itself alTords a protecting shelter, extends a "welcome" and 
breathes that New Testament message : "The Spirit and the Bride 
say come." Beneath its shadows are seen the recessed doorways lead- 
ing into the Cathedral itself and ornamented with statues, arcading, 
and pillars. This Portico, illustrative of Old Testament history, may 
be a veritable Bible in stone. 

On entering, through the Central Doorway, the great interior, 
93 feet in height, with its five aisles 132 feet in breadth, and 450 feet 
in length, is before us, in all its sacred majesty. To quote the archi- 
tects' words : 

"The first impression will be the continuous height of the main, or 
central, part, namely, the Nave, Choir and Apse. The next, and nearly 
as powerful a one, will be the width ; for with the outer aisles and the 
range of columns on either side, and the Transepts, the effect of the 
width will be very considerable. Then, as we hope and think may be 
confidently anticipated, will be the uplifting proportion of the whole — 

20 




VIEW OF THE NAVE OF WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL 

LOOKING TOWARD THE CHANCF.L 

LFroin the Architect's drawing. I 



the tall piers and arches, with the Triforium and the lofty clerestory, 
and the rich and full, tree-like, Ijranchiug vaultini^-, springing from soar- 
ing \ertical shaft>. rising frcmi the floor, and of slender diameter. For 
pains have been taken to make the interior etTect a striking and an 
inspiring one. 

The Triforium will be continued around the Apse, knitting all 
together into, as we hope and believe it will be, an elevating, har- 
monious whole ; ad iiiajorciii Dei gloriam." 

When the eye becomes accustomed to the subdued religious tone 
of the interior, it will be noticed that this uplifting eiTect is caused, 
first of all, bv the light coming down from above, as it does when 
one walks in a wood. 

While the lower part of the Cathedral is in the shadow, only half 
illumined by "the dim religious light" of the dark-stained glass windows 
of the aisles, the bright sunbeams will stream downward through 
those of the high Clerestory, falling on Column and Triforium, with 
an exquisite ])lay of light and shade. 

And, lighting up the groined stone roof, the vaulting ribs will 
meet like the branching limbs of great forest trees, ilecked with 
shadows ; or, as in Exeter Cathedral, seem like angel hands, clasped 
in prayer above the worshipping congregation. 

The next object which catches the eye of every one who enters 
the Cathedral, and lifted up high, at the place where Nave and Tran- 
septs and Choir meet, will be the Cross of Christ, or the "Rood" ; 
proclaiming to every one who enters here, that this is Christ's House 
of Prayer, and that there is no salvation except that which comes 
through Christ Crucified. 

In most English cathedrals at the crossing of the Xave and Tran- 
septs beneath the Central Tower is an open lantern, which swallows 
sound. Oftentimes an architectural efifect is thus gained. But it is 
at the expense of the ideal of Common Prayer and Common Praise ; 
for this is the place where the Cathedral services are alwa\s held, 
where the congregations gather for worship, where the preacher de- 
livers his sermon, and where, therefore, everyone should be able to 
hear as well as see. By having a contituious groined roof all the way 
from the Portico on the West, to the A])se on the b'ast, in the judg- 
ment of the Bishop. Chapter and Architects, not onlv will the architec- 
turrd unity of the Cathedral l)e enhanced, but the "Common Prayer" 

22 



ideal of the Anglican Communion will be far more adequately realized, 
in the heartiness, warmth and devotional character of the services. 

High above the worshipping congregation will rise the Cross of 
their Lord in the middle of the Chancel Arch, and in the darkest part 
of the roof, preaching its own eloquent lesson: "And I, if I be lifted 
up will draw all men unto Me." Standing there, as it were, in the 
"midday darkness," when for "All three hours, His silence cried," it 
will proclaim the Gospel Truth, that men must first come to the Cross, 
as sinners, accepting Christ as their Saviour, before they can become 
partakers of the power of His Resurrection and the glory of His 
Ascension. 

The Chancel Arch itself is a characteristic feature ; it will be 
nearly ten feet broad. On its "soffit," or under side, will be sculptured 
th.e forms of angels, hovering over the Rood and reminding us that 
Christ's Incarnation and Crucifixion, Resurrection and Ascension, are 
the mystery that the "Angels desire to look into." Each angel will 
hold a scroll upon which are inscribed the words "Sursum Corda," 
the keynote, as it were, of the whole building. 

Then follows the greatest impression of all. From every part of 
the great Cathedral, whether one gazes from the West End, or from 
the Aisles, or from the crossing of Nave and Transepts, the brightest 
spot of light, to which every eye is attracted, will be the Jerusalem 
Altar or Communion Table, with its soft dove-colored marble, standing' 
out in its pure simplicity, with the lofty and richly carved Reredos 
behind it, upon which, high up, enthroned in glory, appears the risen 
and ascended Christ, our Reigning King. 

This wonderful efifect of light will come from two great windows 
on either side and west of the Altar and Reredos, each 65 feet high, 
and hidden from sight, in the thickness of the Cathedral walls. The 
radiance here, falling full upon Altar and Reredos, will be a perpetual 
and prophetic reminder of the glory of Christ's Resurrection and As- 
cension, of the power of His risen life, and of the benison that comes 
to all true Christians, through their union with Christ, whenever they 
approach the Sacrament of His body and blood, to Do this in rciiicm- 
brancc of Him. 

This same dazzling radiance will so catch the eye, that it will half 
reveal and half conceal the apsidal end of the Cathedral, so that it 
will appear, in the shadowy distance, as a reminder that the things 
which are seen are temporal, while the things which are not seen 
are eternal. 

23 



The Chapels. 

We have spoken of the ''End" of Washington Cathedral. Perhaps 
a word of explanation is here needed. In many English and Conti- 
nental Cathedrals there is a "Lady Chapel," prolonging the East End, 
behind the Altar; and this is architecturally so beautiful a feature, and, 
practically, so useful as a "Morning Chapel" for small congregations, 
that the term has become conventionalized and robbed of all medieval 
and unscriptural associations. 

In Washington Cathedral we have thought it best, for many rea- 
sons, to have no such "Lady Chapel." And the great Cathedral gains 
in every way, externally and internally, by having nothing to break 
the beautiful harmony of the Apse which surrounds the Jerusalem 
Altar. 

A far more appropriate place is found for the Chapels that may 
be needed, by utilizing the "Choir Aisles" as such. Looking up from 
the West Portico, along the long vista of the Cathedral Aisles, one will 
see not, as usual, a blank wall or window at the end, but a place of 
prayer with its Altar and Reredos. And as he approaches nearer, he 
will find, on each side of the Choir, a beautiful Chapel, about an hun- 
dred feet long. On great occasions many communicants ca;a thus re- 
ceive at one service. 

And, as St. John and the Virgin Mary stood beneath the Cross on 
Good Friday, so these two Chapels, standing, as it were, beneath the 
arms of the Cross, and entered from the Transepts, will be called by 
the names of "St. John" and "St. Mary the Virgin." 

The associations of such a dedication will, furthermore, be en- 
hanced in the case of St. John, by the fact that Christianity was first 
brought over to England by missionaries from Lyons and Gaul, who, 
in turn, traced their lineage back to Ephesus, and the disciples of 
St. John. And, in the case of the Virgin Mary, by the fact that she 
is the representative of all womanhood, as she stood "beneath the 
Cross of Jesus," on the day of Christ's Crucifixion, and that this Chapel 
dedicated to her, will, thus, be especially appropriate for women's 
services, retreats, and devotional meetings, and give the women of the 
Church and their organizations their own special place in this Great 
Mother-Church. 

The Size of the Cathedral. 

While it is desirable, of course, to erect an edifice large enough for 
the congregation that may gather on great occasions in such a center 
as the Capital of the country, it would be very shortsighted to sacrifice 
the devotional uses, the religious atmosphere, the architectural beauty 

24 



and monumental character of a great cathedral, with its exquisite 
Gothic proportions, simply to make a large auditorium for occasions 
like these, which come only once in every two or three years. The 
best form for such an auditorium is the opera house, and even thus, 
there is probably no opera house in the world which will seat 4,000 
persons.* A cathedral is a distinctively religious building which is to 
point to Christ, not only when great congregations are present, but 
when they are absent, and to exercise the spell of its religious influence 
every day and every hour of the day, upon all who enter its doors. 

The Bishop and Chapter, therefore, told the Architects before- 
hand that the chief aim was not to follow the popular notion of build- 
ing "something big" which would "hold more people and be larger in 
size" than any European Cathedral ; but to upraise a House of Prayer 
for All People, which will breathe the devotional spirit of the Old 
Masters in Gothic Architecture and be felt by all to be a real witness 
for Jesus Christ in the Capital of the Nation. 

The Architects have not only set forth a design, in which that 
aim has been the ruling thought, but they tell us, in their Report, that 
the proposed Cathedral "in its dimensions will be larger than most 
of the Cathedrals in England or on the Continent." 

This will be seen, when we compare its measurements with those 
of European Cathedrals. In making that comparison, however, it 
must be borne in mind that scarcely any two books agree as to such 
measurements, because in some works, the superficial areas include 
the Lady Chapel, the Chapter house or other buildings closely con- 
nected with the Cathedral, while in others they do not ; similarly, 
in the measurements of nave and aisles, etc., the length and breadth 
in one book are taken from the centers of piers, etc., and in others 
from the span of the arches. 

The following table of comparative dimensions is, therefore, only 
proximately accurate. The numbers refer to English feet. If, in 
some cases, the dimensions of Washington Cathedral seem smaller 
than those of some European Cathedrals, it is because a lady chapel, 
baptistery, chapter house, etc., are not included in its superficial area 
or length, as thev often are in the case of these other Cathedrals. 



*In New York the Metropolitan Opera House seats 3,500, and the Manhattan 
nearly as many. The Opera House of Paris, 2,092; the Alexander, St. Peters- 
burg, 2,332; La Scala, Milan, 2,713; Opera House, Berlin, 1,636; Opera House, 
Munich, 2,370; Covent Garden, London, 1,684. 



25 



DiMK.NSioxs OF Great Cathedrals. 



LENGTH. 

Washington 480 

York 519 

Ely 517 

Lincoln 493 

Canterbury 514 

Durham 469 

Gloucester 408 

Exeter 409 

Litchfield 370 

Winchester 530 

Wells 415 

Salisbury 473 

Norwich 407 

W'estniinster Al)l)ey 505 

Milan ' 475 

Florence 475 

Amiens 435 

Rheims 430 

Cologne 427 

Seville 

Notre Dame 426 

Kidder's Hand-15ook. gives the following as the capacity of several 
European Catliedrals, estimating one person to occupy an area of 
19.7 inches square. St. Peter's. Rome, 54,000 ; Milan Cathedral, 
37,000; St. Paul's, London, 25,000; Duomo, Florence, 24,300; Antwerp 
Cathedral, 24,000; Notre Dame, Paris, 21,000; St. Sophia, Constanti- 
nople, 23,000 ; St. Mark's, Venice, 7,000. 

According to this same estimate (19.7 in. sq.) Washington Cathe- 
dral will hold over 27,000 persons. 

But if we allow seven square feet for each person, seated (and this 
includes allowance for aisles, passages, etc.), then Washington Cathe- 
dral will seat over 5,000 persons on great occasions, when there will 
be standing room for several thousand more. For ordinary services 
a congregation of 3,000 may be near enough to the choir and preacher 
for all devotional purposes, and if ever a large auditorium is needed, 
there is. on the Cathedral Close and overshadowed by the Cathedral 
walls, a natural open air amphitheater, whose acoustical properties 
are so remarkable that 25,000 ])ersons can hear every word of the 
service and sermon. 

26 





SPAN OF 




LWE 


HEIGFIT. 


AREA. 


39 


93 


63.500 


45 


102 


63,800 


39 


70 


46,000 


39 


82 


57.200 


39 


80 


43.215 


39 


73 




33 


86 




34 


69 




28 


57 




32 


78 


53,480 


32 


67 




32 


84 


43,515 


28 


83 




35 


103 


46.000 


56 




92,600 


55 




65,700 


46 


144 


70,000 


48 


125 


65,000 




155 


65,800 


56 




150,000 




♦ ♦ •4'*^^;?* 




Till': Cost of the Cathedral. 

The English and Continental Cathedrals were not built in a day. 
The (litTerent styles of architecture, from Norman to Perpendicular, 
visible in different parts, point to different periods ; yet even now but 
few of them are finished. And this is tlie reason why, with all their 
unique majesty, there is an impression of incompleteness about them, 
as though they were reaching forward to an ideal, which was only 
gradually realized and inadequately expressed. The harvest of all this 
rich experience has been reaped in, after a life of study by Messrs. 
Bodlcy and Vaughan, and the designs for Washington Cathedral are 
the results of this same life-long study. The Bishop and Chapter did 
not limit the architects, either as to the cost of the Cathedral or the 
time in which it is to be Ijuilt. The architects were simply asked to 
embody their best and most mature thought in the Cathedral design, 
even if it will take hundreds of years to Ijuild it, and generations to 
pay for the work, as it is gradually done. 

Thus, the building of Washington Cathedral, from beginning to 
end, is a work of faith. "Except the Lord build the House, their labor 
is but lost that build it." 

But when we face the practical side, there is no apparent need 
of waiting hundreds of years. With the progress of modern science 
and machinery ; with the great increase of modern wealth ; above all, 
with the vast development of Christ's Kingdom and the growth of the 
Christian Religion, one day is now as a thousand years of the past. 

Xo exact estimate has yet been made of the detailed cost of 
building Washington Cathedral according to the accepted designs of 
Messrs. Vaughan and Bodley ; and, moreover, no funds are in hand 
to do the work. 

We have simply placed our own Ideal for a Cathedral in the 
Capital of our country before the Church, and left it to tell its own 
story, in its own way, with its own commingled religious and patriotic 
Associations. The architects say that, if the funds are once in hand, 
Washington Cathedral can be built and completed in accordance with 
the accepted designs, within five years ; at a cost which will probably 
exceed $5,000,000. l'rol)al)ly this seems a very great sum to those 
who never pause to think that a Cathedral, when once built, will last 
to be a bcnison and an intluence for Christ from century to century. 

The amount seems large when contrasted with that expended U|)on 
church work and the extension of Christ's Kingdom on this earth. 



28 



But it becomes small enough when compared with the sum required 
for the maintenance, protection or extension of earthly kingdoms 
themselves. 

Nowadays a single battleship of the "Dreadnought" type costs 
$10,000,000 — or twice as much as Washington Cathedral. 

Such a great engine of war and destruction will wear out, after 
15 or 20 years' service ; while this Cathedral as a witness for the Prince 
of Peace and His Gospel, will endure forever. And the older and 
more venerable it grows, the greater its influence becomes. 

Of course, any special part of the Cathedral, like the choir, can be 
built and used for public worship, for a very much smaller sum. 

Sooner or later, we are convinced, the ideal must come home to 
the conscience of Christ's followers, for among all the needs of modern 
civilization, none is so great as the need of bringing back to the hearts 
of the people that love to God, as a Living Person, which Christ called 
"The first and Greatest Commandment of all," and of restoring the 
corresponding" instinct of worship, in the Religious Life of Modern 
Times. 

The Foundation Stone. 

The first stone of Washington Cathedral is the stone Altar, com- 
monly called the "Jerusalem Altar." which is to be used in the only 
Service of Public Worship which Christ Himself ordained, and re- 
garding which His Dying Command was, "This do in Remembrance 
of Me." 

The most fitting place for the Foundation Stone, therefore, is be- 
neath this Jerusalem Altar, and if one glances at the exterior view of 
the South elevation of the Cathedral, or the vignette on the cover, he 
will see that, owing to the sloping ground at the East End, there is a 
well-lighted crypt in this part of the Cathedral beneath the Altar, 
illumined by the windows that appear in the designs. The Foundation 
Stone, therefore, has been placed beneath the floor of this crypt. 

Moreover, as the Jerusalem Altar commemorates and is inscribed 
with the Bible record of Christ's Crucifixion, Resurrection and Ascen- 
sion, it is also fitting, that between the Foundation Stone and the Altar 
itself, there should be a chapel, commemorating His Incarnation. 

As the Incarnation is the Foundation of the Christian Religion, so 
the foundation stone of Washington Cathedral is now the beginning 
of the "Bethlehem Chapel of the Nativity," commemorating the A^irgin 
Birth of our Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. 

29 



Fov this purpose a stone was quarried from the held adjoining the 
Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem and brought to W'asliington. 
Tliis stone. ]ia\-ing heen inscril)e(l with the text, "The ^^^)r(l wa-. made 
flesh and (hwll among us," was imbedded in a block of American 
granite to ])rotecl it. and laid ])eneath the floor of the l'ry])t. where it 
will support the Jerusalem Altar for all coming time, and is now the 
I'oundation stone of ( iod's House of Prayer in the Ca|)ital of the 
("ountrw 

In the Cathetlral Guilders' Book, Bishop Satterlee described the 
Ucthlehcm Cliapel as follows: 

The Bethlehkm Chapel of the Holy Nativity. 

"It must be of the simplest and most inexpensive construction, if the 
funds contributed are needed for the Foundation itself. But if among 
the donors God inspires some person, or persons, of wealth, to finish 
the Foundation and build this Chapel, then it may well be made archi- 
tecturally one of the most interesting and beautiful parts of the Cathe- 
dral, with a distinctive style of its own, and capable of holding a con- 
gregation of three hundred. It is for God to decide how ^this. Chapel 
is to l)e provided for and built." 

"If, on the one hand, it is not for us, in our ignorance, to deem 
that the smallest gift, as seen from Heaven, is of less value than the 
largest ; neither, on the other hand, are we to take for granted that 
it is of more value. In every case, it is the Christ-like character of 
the motive in the heart of the otTerer which sanctifies his ofi^ering; and 
if God inspires any donor or donors with the desire to complete the 
hV)undation of the whole Cathedral, in the way we have suggested, then 
the Bethlehem Chapel might well be made, in connection with such 
an oiifering, a 'Memorial Chapel' with the name of the person it com- 
memorates graven on a memorial brass, like those of ancient times, and 
])lace(l in the fioor before the Altar." 

It has been not only a labor of love but a duty to conform as far 
as possible to the ideas of our first Bishop in respect to this chapel, 
especially so because the foundation has been laid and its walls erected 
to be a memorial of himself. Instead of being "of the simplest and 
most inexpensive construction," it will be in keeping with the grandeur 
of his own character and the debt the Diocese owes to his meiuory, and 
\v'\\\ be (to use his own words) "architecturally one of the most inter- 
esting and beautiful ])arts of the Cathedral." 

30 




l.\li:kluK ul mil CETUI.KllEM CHAPEL OF THE HOLY NATIVITY. 



Scheme for Decoration of the Bethlehem Chapel. 

The principle assumed for the decoration of this Chapel is sug- 
gested hy its name and hy the Founrlation Stone of the Cathedral, 
around which the Chapel is built. The stone was brought from Beth- 
lehem, the birthplace of our Blessed Lord, and. before being laid, was 
engraved with the following inscription : 

"TJ}c Word IVas Made Flesh and Dzcelt Among Us." 

The Bethlehem Chapel, therefore, in its decoration tells the story 
of the Nativity and bears permanent witness, in stone, to the doctrine 
of the Incarnation. 

The Altar and Reredos. 

The central panel of the Reredos represents the Nativity of our 
Lord. Across the entablature, above the retable, and beneath the panel 
of the Nativity, is the fivefold name of our Lord — Wonderful,, Coun- 
sellor, THE Mighty God, the Everlasting Father, the Prince of 
Peace. 

Above the canopy which surrounds the panel of the Nativity the 
words "Holy. Holy, Holy" appear in the scroll work. 

The four figures, two on either side of the panel of the Nativity, are 
the four Evangelists, St. Matthew, St. Mark, St. Luke and St. John. 

The three panels beneath the inensa of the Altar display three 
monograms of our Lord expressing in symbolism : Jesus Christ the 
Beginning and the End. 

The border around the Reredos represents the conventionalized 
"Holy Thorn of Glastonbury." 

To the south of the Altar and against the column is a stone 
Credence Table canopied after the pattern of the niches on the side 
walls of the Chapel. 

On the interior ])anel of the Credence Table, and beneath the 
canopy, the following inscription is engraved on stone from Bethlehem: 
"The Living Bread Which Came Down From Heaven." 

St. John 6, 5L 

The Bishop's Tomk. 

Immediately east of the Reredos, in the same relative position 
which the tomb of l-'.dward the Confesst)r occupies in Westminster 

32 




Abbey, or the Shrine of St. Alban in St. All)an"s Cathech'al. is the 
recess, with clusterino- Gothic arches, prepared for Bishop Satter- 
lee's tomb. While the style and design for the Tomb is still in 
abeyance, enough stone has been left on the eastern wall of the 
Reredos to admit of appropriate carving. 

The (Jrgan. 
At the west end of the Chapel is the organ. Its carved case repre- 
sents angelic figures. The stone entablatures on either side are in- 
scribed with the words : 

"Glory to God in flic highest, and on earth peace, good-will toward 
711 en:" 

33 



\ 



TiiF. Apsf. Wixdows. 

The only windows in the Ik-thlehem Chapel which have direct 
lis^ht are the five Apse windows. 

The easternmost of these windows, directly in front of Bishop 
Satterlee's tomb, is the "Az'e Maria" window*, and represents The An- 
nunciation of the Archangel Ciabriel to the Blessed \'irgin ]\Iary. 

To the north is the "Gloria in E.vcclsis" window, illustrating the 
message of the Angel to the Shepherds in the iMelds and the Heavenly 
Host singing "Gloria in Excclsis Deo." 

The northernmost window gives the ( )ld Testament prophecies 
of the Messiah, the figure of the Trnphct Alicah and his words on 
one side of the central panels, and on the other side the figure of the 
Prophet Isaiah with his words. r)etween these two figures is shown 
the genealogy of our Lord as given in the Gospel according to St. 
Luke, beginning with Adam and Eve and ending with the Blessed 
\'irgin Mary. 

The window snutli of the easternmost, or .Ivc Maria, window, is 
the Epiphany window and represents the .\doration of the Wise Men. 
|)rese-nting their gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh. 

The southernmost, or Xnnc Diniittis, window, portravs The Pres- 
entation of Our Lord in the Temple. It contains the figure of Simeon 
holding the Child in hi- arms. 

The Doorways. 

The light over the south door represents the naming of St. John 
the I baptist. The lintel on the doorway on the outside bears the words 
from The Benedictus. "The way of peace,"' and on the same lintel, 
on the inside of the door, the words, "Thou shalt go before the face 
of the Lord to prepare His ways," also from The Benedictus. 

The figures in the light over the north door represent the \'isit 
of the Blessed Virgin Mar\- to St. Elizabeth, and the text on the 
lintel outside the door is from The Magnificat, "My soul doth luagnify 
the Lord," and on the same lintel inside of the door the text, "Ilis 
mercy is on them that fear Him," also from The Magnificat. 

The Niches. 

There are four niches, two on each side of the Chapel, and these 
four niches contain four figures: the figure of Ruth, the figure of 
David, the figure of Anna the Prophetess, and the figure of St. ]n\m 
the Uaptist. Thus we have two figures from the Old Testament and 
two figures from the .\'ew 'I'estament. 

34 



Tlie two smaller niches over the doors into the two vesting rooms 
contain the figure of St. Peter on the north side and the figure of 
St. Paul on the south side. 

The Building of the Foundation. 

The arciiitects, in their Report, strongly recommend and urge, 
for ]n-actical reasons, that the entire Foundation of the Cathedral he 
laid now. from the Western Towers to the Apse on the East, so that 
the whole will become "well bonded together." for all future time. 

The cost of this work will amount to almost $250,000, and as 
the funds are not ^'Ct in hand to undertake it. we have been obliged to 
leave this for the future, and lay, for the present, the foundations 
of the Choir. 

Yet the Bishop and Chapter face this necessity with regret ; not 
only for architectural reasons, but because of the moral effect upon 
the whole Church of completing the entire P^oundation of this House 
of God. in the Capital of the ("Country. According to the old proverb, 
a thing that is "Once begun is half done." 

The l)uilding of Washington Cathedral from the original pur- 
chase of the land in 1898 to the present year has been a work 
of faith and continuous intercession ; and the free-will offerings, which 
have been made, have come from the many, wdio have given in small 
amount'- of a single dollar and upwards, to the few who have con- 
tril)Uted their thousands. We may be grateful, indeed, that the work 
lias thus l)een liegun in the New Testament way. for we shall fall 
l)el(iw the Xew Testament level itself, if we do not thankfully and 
ceaselessly remember what Christ so earnestly emphasizes, that God 
Himself, whose House we are building, looks not upon the material 
value of the gift, but upon that inward spirit of devotion and self- 
sacrifice in the heart of the giver, of which it is the outward token, 
(iod grant that Washington Cathedral may be built in this holy spirit 
from its T'"oundation Stone to the highest Angel in the Gloria in 
T^xcelsis Tower. 

As a venture of faith, not only in God, but in human nature, we 
have dared to hope, that, out of pure love to God, and the desire that 
men mav ]Drav in (hdcTs House of Prayer, the man of wealth, the 
professional man and the tradesman, the laborer and serving maid, and 
many from all classes, may cast their gifts, great or small, into "the 
Treasury of the Temple," in the same spirit of self-sacrifice which 
inspired the poor widow ; and reap her reward. 

.\s the names of those who gave for the purchase of the Cathe- 
dral Land are now kept in the Record Rolls, which are in the Little 
."sanctuary, so all those, who oft'er their gifts for the Foundation of 
AX'ashington Cathedral will hereafter be known as Foundation Build- 
ers, and their names will be recorded in the same Book of Re- 
membrance. 

35 



jTounDation 13uiIDers 

We are now engaged in laying the lunmdations of a "House of 
Prayer for all people" which shall stand as a witness for Christ in the 
Capital of our Nation. 

The cost of the Foundation is estimated at about $250,000, which, 
for the greater part of the Foundation, is equivalent to $3.00 per square 
foot, increasing to about $5.00 per square foot for the Foundations in 
connection with the Central and Western Towers. 

The building of the eastern end of the Cathedral and the Crypt 
Chapel has been undertaken by the Church people in the Diocese of 
Washington, namely : Section 1 as indicated on the Ground Plan. 
The Foundations for Section 3 the New York Committee has under- 
taken to build, Section 5 has been taken by the Philadelphia Commit- 
tee, the Cross Section 7 and 8 has been taken by the Rhode Island 
Committee and the bay A9 by the Albany Committee. 

Subdividing tlie Foundation the cost is estimated approximately 
as follows : 

Foundation of the Choir, Section 1 $50,000 

Foundation of the Crossing and the Central Tower in four 

parts, $5,000 each. Section 4 20,000 

Foundation of the South Transept, Section 3 25,000 

Foundation of the North Transept, Section 5 25,000 

Foundation of the Nave, nine bays or cross sections, each 
complete bay or cross section of the Nave being made of 

six parts, viz. : Section 6A $1,000 

Section 6B 2,000 

Section 6C 2,000 

Section 7 A 1,000 

Section 7B 2,000 

Section 7C 2,000 

Total for one bay or cross section of the Nave $10,000 

Total for nine bays 90,000 

Foundation for the W^est L^ront and Western Towers made 

up of three parts, $10,000 each. Sections 24, 25 and 26. . 30,000 
Foundation of the P)ai)tistry, Section 27 10,000 

Crand total, estimated cost of iMiundations $250,000 

36 




GREEN Portions of the foundation for which funds have been received. 
BLUE — Portions of the foundation for which funds have been pledged. 



Three ])lans arc suggested for offerings toward the continuance 
and completion of these Foundations. 

I-'irst, that some Cathedral Committee take the whole or part of 
any one of the suhdivisions of the Foundation for their particular 
offering, as Washington has taken the Choir, the New York Committee 
the South Transept, the Philadelphia Committee the North Transept, 
the Rhode Island Committee a Cross Section of the Nave and the 
Albany Committee a bay of the Nave. 

Secondly, that some individual, independent of the Cathedral Com- 
mittees, take the whole or part of one of the subdivisions of the Foun- 
dation as his or her particular offering. 

Thirdly, in order that everyone may have an opportunity to take 
part in the offering for the Foundation, Washington Cathedral Chap- 
ter issues five-dollar certificates, known as "Fbuiidatlon Builders' Cer- 
tificates," payment for which may be made in one sum of five dollars 
for each certificate, or at the rate of one dollar a year for five years ; 
the annual payment of one dollar being secured by the signing of the 
five coupons attached to each certificate. 

The names of those making an offering for the upraising of 
Washington Cathedral will be entered as Cathedral Foundation Build- 
ers in tlie Book of Remembrance, which is to be kept in the Chancel 
of the Cathedral. 

Remittances may be made to the Bishop of Washington, 1407 
Massachusetts Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. C, or to Thomas Hyde, 
Esq., Treasurer, Mt. St. Alban, Washington, D. C. 

All Foundation Builders are asked to use the prayer for the 
l-^praising of the Cathedral, on page 7. 

Washington Cathedral is dedicated to Christ and has a special 
office and mission for Cjod to fulfill in the life and welfare of the 
Nation. 

I ask your prayer and service as Foundation Builders that we 
may finish the work Cod has given us to do in the Name and for the 
sake of Jesus Christ, our Ford. 

Alfred Harding, 
Bishop of Washington. 



i^ 




First Bishop of Washington 



In tl)e il3ame of a Disciple. 

The beginnings of Washington Cathedral date back to the eigh- 
teenth century, when Joseph Nourse, the private secretary of George 
Washington, used to pray, under the Gothic arches of the trees, that 
at some future date, God would build a church on "Alban Hill," and 
since that day there have been sacred and historic associations con- 
nected with the site, hallowed as those which consecrate the beginnings 
of most European Cathedrals. 

The first service on the Cathedral Close was that of the Upraising 
of the Peace Cross, September 25, 1898, commemorating the ending of 
the war witli Spain. At that service members of the General Conven- 
tion, with thousands of the people of Washington, were present, and 
President McKinley made an address. The same week the two Houses 
of General Convention passed the following resolutions : 

(HOUSE OF BISHOPS.) "RESOLVED, THAT THE MEMBERS OF THIS 
HOUSE EXPRESS TO TPIE BISHOP OF WASHINGTON THEIR EARNEST 
CONGRATULATION UPON THE HAPPY INAUGURATION OF THE CATHE- 
DRAL PROJECT, AND THEIR HEARTY PRAYERS FOR GOD'S CONTINUED 
AND ABUNDANT BLESSINGS UPON THIS PART OF HIS IMPORTANT 
W^ORK." 

(HOUSE OF BISHOPS.) "WHEREAS, IT HAS BEEN REPRESENTED TO 
SOME OF THE BISHOPS ATTENDING THIS SESSION OF THE GENERAL 
CONVENTION, THAT THE GRAVE OF THE FIRST BISHOP OF MARY- 
LAND, THE RT. REV. THOMAS JOHN CLAGGETT, IS NOT GUARDED 
BY .■\ MONUMENT APPROPRIATE TO PERPETUATE THE MEMORY OF A 
AL\N WHO BORE SUCH RELATIONS TO THE VERY BEGINNINGS OF 
OUR ECCLESIASTICAL LIFE; AND, 

WHEREAS, THERE IS EMINENT PROPRIETY THAT HIS REMAINS 
SHOULD REST IN THE PRECINCTS OF THE CATHEDRAL OF SS. PETER 
AND PAUL IN THIS CITY, THEREFORE, 

RESOLVED, THAT A COMMITTEE OF FIVE BISHOPS SHALL BE 
APPOINTED BY THIS HOUSE, TO WHOM SHALL BE ENTRUSTED THE 
WORK OF RAISING A SUFFICIENT FUND TO PROVIDE FOR THE RE- 
MOVAL AND REINTERMENT OF THE REMAINS AT SUCH PLACE AS 
MAY BE AGREED UPON, IN CONSULTATION WITH THE BISHOP OF 
WASHINGTON, AND THE ERECTION OF A MONUMENT FITTING TO 
MARK THE GRAVE OF THIS FATHER OF OUR CHURCH, THE FIRST 
BISHOP CONSECRATED ON THE AMERICAN CONTINENT." 

(HOUSE OF DEPUTIES.) "RESOLVED, TLIAT THIS HOUSE, MINDFUL 
OF YESTERDAY'S NOBLE AND MOST IMPRESSIVE SERVICE OF THE 
UNVEILING OF THE CROSS OF PEACE, ON THE PROPOSED SITE OF 
THE CATHEDRAL OF SS. PETER AND PAUL, GIVE JOY TO THE BISHOP 
OF WASHINGTON FOR THIS FORMAL AND FELICITOUS BEGINNING OF 
HIS GREAT CATHEDRAL WORK, IN THE SUCCESS OF WHICH THE 
WHOLE CHURCH WILL SHARE AND IN THE DOING OF WHICH THE 
WHOLE CHURCH MIGHT WELL ASSIST, AND RENDERS THANKS TO 
GOD THAT, THROUGH THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHRISIAN FAITH, THE 
OLD WAR CROSS, ALWAYS A SIGN OF WAR AND DESOLATION, IS 
BEING MORE AND MORE SUPPLANTED BY CHRIST'S BLESSED CROSS 
OF PEACE." 

39 



The most recent service on the (Cathedral Close was that of the 
laying of the Foundation Stone of the great Cathedral Cluirch on 
September 29, 1907, followed by the International service of the 
Brotherhood of St. Andrew. At this time addresses were delivered by 
President Roosevelt, the Bishop of London, and others. Sixty bishops, 
two hundred members of the General Convention and between twenty 
and thirty thousand persons were present. And the week after the 
House of Deputies of the General Convention passed the following 
resolution : 

"INASMUCH. AS THERE IS NOW IN PROCESS OF ERECTION IN THE 
CITY OF WASHINGTON, OUR NATIONAL CAPITAL, THE CATHEDRAL OF 
SS. PETER AND PAUL, WHICH FOR MANY OBVIOUS REASONS WE 
SHOULD LIKE TO SEE COMPLETED IN OUR DAY AND GENERATION, 
THEREFORE, 

BE IT RESOLVED, THAT THE TRIENNIAL CONVENTION HELD IN 
THE CITY OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, IN 1907, EARNESTLY SUGGESTS 
AND RECOMMENDS TO CHURCHMEN, CHURCHWOMEN, AND ALL 
OTHERS WHO MAY BE INTERESTED IN THE COMPLETION OF THIS 
CATHEDRAL THAT THEY MAKE LIBERAL CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE 
BUILDING FUND AND ALSO REMEMBER IT IN THEIR WILLS." 

Washington Cathedral, thus rising under the benediction pro- 
nounced upon it by our General Convention itself, will be representative 
of the whole Church ; and, therefore, when the Foundation Stone was 
laid, it was declared that "The Bishop, Chapter, and Diocese of Wash- 
ington hold this Cathedral Church as a trust, not only for the people 
of the Diocese and city of Washington, but also for the whole Amer- 
ican Church, whose every baptized member shall have spiritual part 
and ownership in this House of God." 

Already, by the Open Air Services on the Cathedral Close, Wash- 
intgon Cathedral has shown its power as a great Mission Church and 
has so popularized the Episcopal Church that, in the last nine years, 
vast congregations, numbering from fifteen to thirty thousand, have 
come together on great occasions, under the realization that this Cathe- 
dral will be God's House of Prayer for all people. 

Already, as a witness for Jesus Christ and what we believe to be 
New Testament Churchmanship, the Cathedral has been a helpful 
educational power in respect to the Flistoric Church and the Faith 
once delivered to the Saints. 

Already, in the effort to build on the Christian foundation which 
God himself laid in our land, by preserving the robust American type 
of Christian character which was developed in the colonial days of our 
forefathers, from the settlers of Jamestown to the pilgrims of New 

40 



England, Washington Cathedral has been an influence for Church 
Unity, and has appealed to the religious and patriotic associations of 
tliose whose hearts are alive with the love of God and of their 
Fatherland. 

It is right to hope and believe that what has thus been done in 
faith is the beginning of a spiritual work which will be permanent; 
and that, standing in the midst of the surging, changeful secular life 
of the Capital of the Nation, Washington Cathedral will help to con- 
serve and perpetuate, with an ever-increasing power for good that 
blessed heritage of Christian faith and conduct which has been handed 
down to us from the past. For the older and more venerable a Cathe- 
dral grows, the more hallowed and enduring its associations become. 

For ten years it has been the continuous aim of the Bishop and 
Chapter to render this Cathedral Ideal "An epistle seen and read of 
all men.'" And they steadfastly believe that when it is thoroughly 
understood and shared, not only by Christ's followers in Washington 
but in the country at large, the substantial means to supply the spiritual 
need and to build the beautiful Gothic Cathedral, designed by Messrs. 
\ aughan and Bodley, will surely be forthcoming. 

We shall never forget the religious zeal and artistic enthusiasm 
with which the late Dr. Bodley co-operated with us in perfecting that 
design, until God called him to a higher sphere of service. The sur- 
viving architect, Mr. Henry Vaughan, assures us that all things are 
now ready, and that for a sum which will not probably exceed five 
million dollars Washington Cathedral f^an be completed in five years. 

How this amount can practically be raised, or from what sources 
it will come, we know not ; the Chapter is composed mainly of hard- 
working Rectors of parishes or busy men of affairs in ])ublic life ; 
and the Bishop upon whom comes daily "the care of all the Churches" 
lias given his spare time wholly to the work of explaining and striving 
to create interest in the Cathedral Ideal. 

The Cathedral has already been blessed by the co-operation of 
those self-sacrificing men and women, living and dead, who have 
shared our ideal ; and who have already contributed of their substance 
nearly one million dollars, in freeing the Cathedral Close from debt, 
or in erecting and endowing the schools and other buildings of the 
Cathedral Foundation. 

And we shall be grateful for any suggestions, coming from any 
source, as to how the necessary funds may be raised, provided, that 

41 



no method shall he recommended which tends to the lowering of the 
Cathedral Ideal itself. In the New Testament we are reminded that 
the eye of God rests not only upon the offering hut upon the motive 
of the offerer, and that "The gift without the giver is bare." Our 
Lord Jesus Christ said : "Whosoever shall give a cup of cold water only 
in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise 
lose his reward," and surely, we are fallen upon strange times and 
abnormal conditions, when in lands which call themselves Christian, 
we see everywhere about us multitudes who are prone to give in the 
ngme of philanthropy, or socialism, or from some secular interest, 
rather than in the name of Jesus Christ. 

Indeed, so great emphasis did Christ lay upon the motive of self- 
sacrifice in the giver, that in the ending of His ministry, when He 
saw a certain poor widow casting into the treasury of the Temple of 
God, two mites which make a farthing, He called His disciples unto 
Him and said : "Verily I say unto you that this poor widow hath 
cast in more than they all." And if Washington Cathedral is ever to 
he built as Christ's "House of Prayer for all people," the building must 
be a work of prayer and self-sacrifice, for we may not place one stone 
upon another unless we do it in Christ's way, and there are no funds 
on hand until God inspires faithful Christian men and women in our 
country to provide the means. 

May each giver have a sacred motive in offering for so sacred 
an object and reap the reward which Christ assures us He "shall in no 
wise lose," realizing that the same All-seeing eye, which watched the 
poor widow, will rest upon him, if he offers his gift to Christ in behalf 
of those who come to Worship God, 

IN THE NAME OF A DISCIPLE. 

Henry Y. Satterlee, 

Epiphany. A. D. 1908. Bishop of Washington. 



42 



"^^m5P?5» 





w^*^ 




V5«^HINGTON 
l©aTHE.DRAL CLOSE 

PI«7-«ic.T «. 



;.^ 




v'l '*!< 



Clje CatfjeDral Clo0e, 

The land purchased for the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul 
originally belonged to Mr. Joseph Nourse. the friend of Washington 
and the first Registrar of the Treasury, and is a tract of over forty 
acres, on tlie brow of a hill nearly four hundred feet above the level 
of lower Pennsylvania Avenue, and. so far as known, the most lofty 
Cathedral site in the world. In ])rocess of time, St. John's Church 
School was erected upon this spot, and this was followed by St. 
Alban's, the first free Church in the District of Columbia. 

At several times in its history the property would have become 
the site of a private residence and be lost to Divine uses had not the 
little church stood in the way. keeping the ground, as we can see now, 
for the Cathedral, in unconscious fulfillment of the prophetic text used 
by Bishop Coxe at the consecration service of St. Alban's Church, 
■"The place whereon thou standest is holy ground." 

The Cathedral Ijuildirig is being erected on the highest point of 
land, about midway between St. AUjan's Cinirch and the Cathedral 
School for Girls. 

Its west front is about 3.50 feet from Wisconsin Avenue, and the 
north side, 450 feet south of AX'oodley Lane. The chancel is placed 
so that the rays of the rising sun will enter the east windows on the 
traditional day of our Lord's .-Vscension. May 4th. 

The building will be 480 feet long. In the ravine where the great 
Open-Air Services have been held, will be found a natural amphi- 
theater, which with little arrangement will furnish an incomparable 
place for all such services, with space for twenty-five thousand people. 

On the brow of the hill overlooking the ravine stands the Peace 
Cross, and in the southwest corner of the Cathedral Close is The Little 
Sanctuary containing the Jerusalem Altar, the Glastonbury Cathedra, 
the Canterbury Ambon, the Hilda Stone, and the lona Stone. Services 
are held here daily. 

The All Hallows Gate leads to the Cathedral Choir School for 
boys, in front of which will be found the Glastonbury Thorn, a shoot 
of the celebrated Holy Thorn of Glastonbury. Here will also be found 
the Landmark, and a little farther north the temporary Baptistery, 
containing the beautiful white marble font, lined with stones from the 
River lordan. A drinking fountain stands on the southwest side of 
the Baptistery. 

Southwest of the Cathedral site stands St. Alban's Parish Church, 
under whose chancel lies buried the Rt. Rev. Thomas John Claggett, 
D. D.. the first bishop consecrated du American soil. The tombstones 
of the Bishop and his wife, with the epitaph written by Francis Scott 
Key, stand in a wall of the church. 

The Cathedral School for Boys is situated on the ^Massachusetts 
Avenue frontage, in the southwestern portion of the Close. 

The Cathedral School for Girls occupies the extreme northwest 
corner of the grounds. 

45 



Clje Pctuc €ro00 anD ^tilem puuc. 

ON Sunday, October twenty-third, 1898, there was raised on the Cathedral 
Close, in the presence of the Bishops, Clergj^ and Lay Delegates of the 
General Convention of the Church, the President of the United States 
and thousands of people, an lona Cross of stone, twenty feet in height, called 
the Peace Cross. 

This cross was raised not only to mark the foundation of the Cathedral of 
St. Peter and St. Paul, but to commemorate the time of the first meeting of the 
General Convention in the Capital of the United States and the ending of the 
War between Spain and the United States. 

On the face of the Cross is inscribed: "The sacred monogram, I. H. S. ; 
the Diocesan coat of arms and the motto, Scriptiira, Symbohini, Mysterium, 
Ordo, the basis of Church Unity ; the prayer from the Litany for Unity, Peace 
and Concord to all Nations; and on the pedestal, "Jesus Christ Himself being 
the Chief Corner-Stone." 

THE SALEM. 

In order that the Open-Air Services around the Peace Cross, hallowed by so 
many associations, should receive an outward expression of their enduring 
character the Cathedral School for Girls has added to the Peace Cross a 
large four square base, with broad steps ascending to the foot of the Cross on 
three sides. On the west this base is extended into a platform or pulpit, with an 
inlaid pavement of stones from the Holy Land, and in the center of the pave- 
ment the word "Salem," which is by interpretation, "Peace." The preaching 
place at the foot of the Cross is thus appropriately dedicated to the preaching 
of the Gospel of Peace. 




TITK I'F.OIT.K'.S OPKX -AlK EXKXSOXC 

''piIE People's Open-.Mr l'".vensong has liern iicld during ihe sunnner months 

1 for the past ten years every Sunday .-ifternoon on the Cathedral Close. 

The services draw together many hundreds of worshippers who in all 

probability would in no other way be brought to hear the Gospel of the 

Kingdom of God. 

46 



The cause of the attractiveness of these Open-Air Services is apparent to 
anyone who lias attended them. 

As the sun is sinking in the west, strains of music are wafted upon the air, 
in the voluntary before the service. The congregation, as they gather, face the 
city of Washington, lying in the valley four hundred feet below, where the 
exquisitely shaped white dome of the Capitol lifts its head above the reddish 
glow of clustered houses. 

The leafy trees of the forest near by, frame in the landscape, or stand on 
either side, with their interlacing branches, like the Gothic aisles of a Cathedral. 
The breeze rustles through the leaves, the birds twitter in the branches, the 
commingled feelings of patriotism and religion which the beauty of the scene 
inspires, are deepened by the spell of sacred music which floats in the air. 
Then the musicians, selected from the United States Marine Band, surround 
the Peace Cross, and the keynote of the service is given in the theme of 
Mendelssohn's hymn of praise, "x\ll men, all things, all that hath life and breath, 
sing to the Lord. Hallelujah." Then comes the service of Evensong, followed 
by the simple Gospel message, giving spiritual reality to the devotional feelings 
of the moment. 

The Peace Cross stands as a majestic sentinel in stone behind the preacher, 
and is always before the eyes of the people as they look toward him. Beyond 
the preacher and the Cross lies the beautiful city, its domes and spires touched 
by the tints of coming sunset, and suggesting thoughts of that other city whose 
Builder and Maker is God. 

C!)e ^n CI)rp0O0tom jTunD, 

PROVISION for a succession of special Cathedral preachers was made long 
ago in the statutes of this Cathedral Foundation, by the establishment 
of the office of Canon Missioner. The work of the Canon Missioner, as 
the name itself indicates, is to conduct missions, to preach to the multitudes, 
to .'spread the Gospel message far and wide, and to preach in the Cathedral 
pulpit whenever occasion requires. 

To accomplish this object "The St. Chrysostom Fund" has already been 
started, the income of which is to be applied to the salary of the Canon Mis- 
sioner and the maintenance of preaching services. $6,000 have already been 
given to this fund, but at least $44,000 more will be needed to maintain a 
clergj'man in a position which would command all his energies and occupy 
all his time. 

The St. Chrysostom Fund is established not only to support a Canon Mis- 
sioner and his especial work in our day and generation, but to endow a perma- 
nent Office and provide for a succession of Cathedral preachers, each one of 
whom will be, as age follows age, a living voice to proclaim the Gospel — the 
good news from Heaven — to sin-burdened souls. 



47 



C!)e Little ^aiictiuup 

An& StH Ulnntnits. 

1.> irrW'EEN the Peace Cross and the Boys' School stands the gift of the 
) children of Mrs. Percy R. Pyne known as "the liTiTLe sanctuary/' 
which in accordance with the wish of Bishop Satterlee has been set apart by the 
Bishop of Washington as the Chapel of the Boys' School. "The Little Sanc- 
tuary" has two attendant towers ; the first of these towers is pierced by a lofty 
archway, through which one obtains an exquisite glimpse of our nation's most 
majestic Iniilding, the United States Capitol, and the shining dome of our 
National Library. Over this arch is the cathedral library, and adjoining 
rises the Bell tower containing a peal of fifteen bells, given by Mr. and Mrs. 
George S. Bowdoin, in loving memory of Fannie Bowdoin and Fannie Hamilton 
Kingsford. Small as it is, "The Little Sanctuary" contains memorials, not 
only from the land of our Mother Church in England, but also from the 
Church in the Wilderness, as well as the Church on Mt. Zion at Jerusalem. 
Mt. Sinai, Jerusalem, Glastonbury, and Canterbury each bears testimony here 
to the continuity and catholicity of the Church in this land. As one steps within 
the door, with this knowledge, one feels surely that God is in this place, "This 
is none other but the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven." 

The SINAI CROSS. On the right of the entrance stands a glazed case, 
containing the processional cross used at all the important ecclesiastical functions 
in the Cathedral Close. This cross, known as the sinai cross, is most artistic, 
and was given by his widow in memory of Henry Carrington Bolton, who 
himself brought the stones from Mt. Sinai. 

Tile JERUSALEM ALTAR. As one stands within and looks through the 
iron screen separating the sanctuary from the shallow nave, the visitor is 
struck by the simple majesty of the Jerusalem altar, adorned by a bronze 
Jerusalem cross. The Altar is the joint gift of different American Dioceses 
and Congregations, as the bronze tablet on the west wall indicates, and is 
composed of stones from Jerusalem, the Holy City. 

The ALTAR CROSS was given in loving memory of Adelaide Augusta 
Jones Dean, of Boston, 1818-1902, and was consecrated to its present use by 
the Most Reverend the Archbishop of Canterbury in September, 1904. 

The ALTAR LIGHTS are the gift of the" children of the late Reverend 
Churchill Satterlee — Henry Yates Satterlee, Etheldred Frances Satterlee and 
Churcliil! Satterlee — in mtmorv of their father. 

The COMMUNION SERVICE. A silver Communion Service has been 
presented to the Little Sanctuary as a memorial. 

The ALTAR VASES, ornamented with Jerusalem Crosses, are the gift of 
Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Aldrich. 

The brass ALTAR DESK is the gift of the Bishop of Washington and Mrs. 
-Satterlee, in memory of their son, the late Reverend Churchill Satterlee. 

The ALTAR SERVICE BOOK was given in loving memory of the late the 
Reverend Francis Harrison, D. D., somewhile Priest of the Diocese of Albany. 
and a well-known liturgical scholar, who edited the particular edition repre- 
sented by this sumptuous book. 

The GLASTONBURY CATHEDRA. On the left of the visitor as he 
contemplates the Altar, stands the Cathedra, the Bishop's throne, the exponent 
of his official dignity and authority. It is made up of stones from Glastonbury 
Abbey, in England, the ancient British abbey which bore the same name as our 
Cathedral^St. Peter and St. Paul. These stones, given by the churchmen of 
Glastonbury to the churchmen in America, were presented in 1901. They bear 
eloquent testimony to our continuity through the English and British Churches 
with that of Jerusalem. The Glastonbury cathedra was erected through the 
generosity of "a friend." 

The HILDA STONE. On the left of the visitor stands the hilda stone, 
named after the Northumbrian princess, St. Hilda, and is from Whitby Abbey, 
England. It was given by Sir Charles Strickland, Bart., of Baintry Manor! 

48 



England, through the Reverend A. P. Loxley, Rector of St. Ninian's, Whitby. 
It contains the "Book of Remembrance," within which are written the names 
of those persons and parishes which contributed toward the payment of the 
land of the Close and the names of the other benefactors of the Cathedral. 

The lONA STONE. The stone set in the face of the transept wall is called 
the ioN.\ STONE, and is from the ancient Celtic Cathedral on the Island of lona. 
Its inscription recites the last-recorded words of St. Columba, who entered into 
rest on Whitsunday, A. D. 597 : "They who seek the Lord shall want no manner 
of thing that is good." 

The CANTERBURY AMBON. In the eastern part of the transept is 
placed the canterbury ambon, or pulpit, the stones of which were given to 
Washington Cathedral by the Archbishop of Canterbury, in memory of his 
predecessor, Stephen Langton. This Ambon, made of stones from Canterbury 
Cathedral, was sculptured under the direction of William D. Caroe, Esq., the 
resident architect of that Cathedral. 

The ALTAR PAINTINGS. In the Chancel of the Little Sanctuary are 
four Altar paintings, the gift of Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Aldrich. These paint- 
ings, representing St. Matthew, St. Mark, St. Luke, and St. Andrew, were the 
work of Mr. Edward Satterlee, and were originally placed in the sanctuary of 
Calvary Chapel, New York. 

The LECTERN. The Rev. Charles C. Pierce, D. D., formerly Chaplain of 
the United States Army, presented the bronze lectern cast from old cannon. 
This lectern was given to be used as an open-air pulpit, to stand on the Salem 
Place at the Peace Cross. 

The ivy on the walls, also from Canterbury, was brought by Bishop Leonard, 
of Ohio, and planted by Miss Lucy V. Mackrille. 

The PRAYER BOOKS AND HYMNAF.s, as Well as the racks, are memorial gifts 
from Mrs. A. M. Wilcox. 




llll-. 1, 11 1 1.1, SAXdlARY— INTERIOR 



50 



HJisljuji i'atlrrlpp's ©umb. 

On the south side of the Chancel in the little Sanctuary is the temporary 
tomb of the first Bishop of Washington, bearing the following inscription: 

Henry Yatks Satterlee 

D.D, LL.D. 

First Bishop of Washington 

Born January 11, A. D. 1843 

Consecrated 

Feast of the Annunciation 

A. D. 1896 

Entered Into Paradise 

February 22, A. D. 1908 



Holy ^ Hol^' >J< Holy 

Lord God of Hosts 

Heaven and Earth are full of thy glory. 

Glory be to Thee, O Lord, Most High. 

Amen. 

On the wrought iron screen by the side of the tomb hangs an engrossed 

copy of the beautiful poem written in memoriam by the Bishop of Albany. 

Henry Yates Satterlee, 

Bishop of Washington. 

February 22, A. D. 1908. 

"After rcceh'ing the Sacrament, lie died murmuring the Sanctus." 

O brave and patient builder, who laid, strong. 

The deep foundations of a House of Prayer, 

Content to wait, it mattered not how long. 

Till corner-stone to capstone should arise ; 

And with ingenious pams sought, everywhere, 

Historic links with many an age and clime ; 

How has thy purpose been wrought out, to eyes 

That look beyond the horizon line of time? 

First in the temple of thyself upraised 

By God the Holy Ghost to Sainthood high ; 

Then in thy sudden passing, unamazed. 

Up to the City with foundations sure, 

God having built and made it ; and thy soul 

W^inged its quick way, filled with God's peace, and pure, 

Catching in rapt advance the "Holy" song 

"Of angels and archangels," and the throng 

Of saints that to "Heaven's Company" belong. 

W. C. Doane. 

51 



* 



SiiBrriptixm nit tljr iBrass iJablrt (flJpBt Hflall ). 

cHlitfi Altar ^ 



IIKWN FROM THE ROCKS, OUTSIDE THE WALLS OF JERUSALEM 

FROM WHICPI THE STONES OF TFIE TEMPLE WERE QUARRIED 

NOT FAR FROM 

"THE PLACE WHICH IS CALLED CALVARY" 

"WITHOUT THE GATE" 

"NIGH UNTO THE CITY" 

WHERE CHRIST WAS CRUCIFIED 

AND BURIED, FOR 

"IN THE PLACE WHERE HE WAS CRUCIFIED THERE WAS A GARDEN 

AND IN THE GARDEN A NEW SEPULCHRE" 

"AND TFIE SEPULCHRE WAS NIGH AT HAND," 

FROM WHICH ALSO HE AROSE AGAIN 

FROM THE ]:)EAD 

HAS BEEN GIVEN TO 

THE CATHEDRAL OF SS. PETER AND PAUL 

IN WASHINGTON BY THE FOLLOWING DIOCESES, 

MISSIONARY JURISDICTIONS AND CONGREGATIONS: 



Alaska, 

Albany, 

Arizona, 

Arkansas, 

Asheville, 

isoise, 

California, 

Central Pennsylvania, 

Chicago, 

Colorado, 

Connecticut, 

Dallas, 

Delaware, 

Duluth, 

Easton, 

East Carolina, 

Florida, 

Fond du Lac, 



Georgia, 

Indiana, 

Iowa, 

Kansas, 

Kentucky, 

Lexington, 

Long Island, 

Los Angeles, 

Louisiana, 

Maine, 

Maryland, 

Massachusetts, 

Michigan, 

Michigan City, 

Minnesota, 

Missouri, 

Newark, 

Nebraska, 



New Hampshire, 
New Jersey, 
New Mexico, 
New York, 
Ncrth Dakota, 
North Carolina, 
Oklahoma and 

Indian Territory, 
Oregon, 
Pennsylvania, 
Pittsburg, 
Ouincy, 
Rhode Island, 
Sacramento, 
South Carolina, 
South Dakota, 
Southern Florida, 
Soutiicrn Ohio, 



Springfield, 

Tennessee, 

Texas, 

Virginia, 

West Virginia, 

Washington, 

Western New York, 

Western Massachusetts, 

Western Michigan, 

Western Texas, 

Kyoto, 

Philippine Islands, 

Shanghai, 

Tokio, 

St. Paul's, Rome, 

Mexico, 

Ohio. 




THE STONES LEAVING JERUSALEM 

52 



Cfje Unteriot of tf)e Little ^anctuatp* 

iLl\t 3pr«aalpm Altar. 

ri ^ HE first stone of the Cathedral in the Capital of our country is appropriately the 
I altar or communion table around which Christ's own people may now, and through 

1 all coming generations, gather for communion with Him, their reigning King and 

ever-living Priest in heaven. 

Thus, before a single stone of the material edifice was laid, or any definite thought was 
bestowed upon its architectural style, its simple altar stood as a witness for Christ and 
Christ's own ideal of Christian brotherhood; as a witness for the only service of public wor- 
ship which Christ Himself ordained, and for the pure liturgical prayers of the primitive 
Church, and around this altar the coming Cathedral, in God's good time, will shape itself. 
This altar was consecrated Ascension Day, 1902, and is the united gift of nearly all of the 
Dioceses and Missionary Jurisdictions of the Church. The stones themselves of which the 
altar is made come not only from the Holy Land but from the Holy City of Jerusalem. The 
stones have been hewn from the limestone rock of the "Quarries of Solomon," the entrance 
to which is just without the Damascus Gate. 

The altar is twelve feet long, four feet high and three feet broad. It is severe in its 
perfect simplicity, without any sculptured ornamentation or carving whatever. On its four 
sides are inscribed, in New Testament words, the record of those great events in the life of 
Him, to whom every knee shall bow of things in heaven and things in earth — the Crucifixion, 
Burial, Resurrection and Ascension of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. 

Snarrittttan an 11|p Altar. 
SIIjp Jf^ront. 

"Whoso Eateth My Flesh and Drinketh My Blood Hath Eternal Life, and I Will Raise 
Him Up at the Last Day." 

iif Now is Christ risen from the dead and become the first fruits of them that slept. 
For since by man came death by m.an came also the resurrection of the dead. For as in 
Adam all die even so in Christ shall all be made alive, itf 

iff Seeing, then, that we have a great high priest that is passed unto the heavens, Jesus, 
the Son of God, let us hold fast our profession, lif Wherefore he is able also to save them 
to the uttermost that come unto God by Him seeing. t§f He ever liveth to make inter- 
cession for them, iji 

®l|f Nnrlli lEnit. 

Now in the place where He was crucified, there was a Garden, and in the Garden a new 
Sepulchre wherein was never man yet laid, there laid they Jesus, therefore, because of the 
Jews' Preparation Day. For the Sepulchre was nigh at hand. 

®lje &niitl| EttD. 

And when they were come to the place which is called Calvary, there they crucified Him 
and the malefactors, one on the right hand and the other on the left, then said Jesus, Father 
forgive them for they know not what they do. ♦ And Pilate wrote a title and put it on the 
cross, and the writing was: Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews. 

QIljp East S>\iie. 

^ I am He that li/eth and was dead, and behold I am alive for evermore. Amen. ^ 
►f Now, therefore, ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellow-citizens with 
the saints and of the household of God; and are built upon the foundation of the Apostles and 
Prophets, Jesus Christ Himself being the chief corner-stone; in whom all the building fitly 
framed together groweth into >i" an holy temple in the Lord, if 

And He took bread and blessed it, and brake, and gave to them. And their eyes were 
opened, and they knew Him: and He vanished out of their sight. >|" And they rose up the 
same hour, and returned to Jerusalem, and found the eleven gathered together ♦ Saying 
the Lord is risen indeed and hath appeared to Simon. And they told Him what things were 
done in the way, and how "t He was known to them in breaking of bread. 

i|» To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of 
God and precious, ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, 
to offer up spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. Unto you, therefore, 
which believe, He is precious, but unto them which be disobedient, the stone which the 
builders disallowed the same is made <%i The Head of the Corner. ♦ 

53 



''I'^HIS Cathedra, made from the stones of Glastonbury Abbey, car- 
J- ries us l)ack to the beginning of Christianity in the British Isles. 
There is a traditional story that the Church of Glastonbury was 
founded by Joseph of Arimathea. Baronius asserts that this took 
])lace in the year A. D. 43. In any case its origin goes back to the 
tirst Christian missionaries, several hundred years before the landing 
of Augustine. 

Mr. Stanley Austin, the donor of these historic stones, requested 
tliat they should be formed into a Bishop's chair and remain a witness 
to the continuity of the Church. The stones themselves have the 
characteristic carving of Glastonbury, and have been taken from that 
part of the ruins which was erected about the late Norman period of 
Ivnglish architecture, that is, in the twelfth century. These stones 
form the lower part of the chair, the seat or cathedra proper ; and the 
two pillars that rise from the arms on either side. The inscription 
on the panel forming the back of the chair most appropriately sets 
forth the terms of the Chicago-Lambeth Quadrilateral, the basis which 
our Church has proposed for Christian Unity, "Holy Scripture and 
Apostolic Creed, Holy Sacrament and Apostolic Order." Above the 
old Glastonbury pillars on each side of the chair rises a Bishop's 
]')astoral staff, and in the center, above the panel, the Bishop's mitre. 
Tlie ])anel immediately above the seat of the chair bears witness to the 
continuity of the Church in the inscription of the names of twenty-one 
I'ishops of historical note, beginning with the names of Eborius, Bishop 
of York ; Restitutus, Bishop of London, and Adelfius, Bishop of 
Carleon-on-Usk, three British Bishops who attended the Council of 
Aries in Gaul, A. D. 314. 

The cathedra has the following inscription : 

THIS GLASTONBURY CATHEDRA 

IS RAISED AS A WITNESS TO THE CONTINUITY OF 

THE ANGLICAN CHURCH 

AND PRESENTED ON 

ASCENSION DAY, 1901 

THESE STONES FROM THE ANCIENT BRITISH 

ABBEY OF SS. PETER AND PAUL 

ARE GIVEN 

I!V THi: CHURCHMEN OF GLASTONBURY 

TO THE CHURCHMEN IN AMERICA 

FOR THE CATHEDRAL 

OI" SS. P1:TER AND PAUL 

WASIIINGTOX, D. C. 

54 




TTTE GLASTONBURY CAIUKDRA 




CHAIR Ol- SI. Alc.LSrlNE 

A. D 597 



Cbe 15ook of Uemcmljrance auD ti}c li)iIDa ^tonc 



ON the south side of the chancel in the "Little Sanctuary'' has 
been placed the "Book of Remkmbrance" in a stone prepared 
for it. This "Book of Remembrance" contains the names of 
benefactors of the Cathedral. Of especial interest is the "Hilda 
Stone," which is placed over the opening containing the Book. The 
stone, which is from the ancient Abbey of St. Hilda at Whitby in 
England, bears the following inscription: 

HILDA STONE 

FROM 

WHITBY ABBEY, ENGLAND 

PRESENTED TO THE WASHINGTON CATHEDRAL 

BY 

SIR CHARLES STRICKLAND 

THROUGH 




, LOXLEY 
1900. 



W' hitby Abbe y was 
founded by Hilda, a grand- 
niece of King Edwin. It 
stood, and the ruins still 
remain, upon the summit of 
the great Yorkshire cliiTs. 
Hilda i s celebrated for 
having established one of 
the first schools for girls in 
England, and as the head 
of a great cluster of schools 
for men as well as women. 
The greatest title to fame 
which the Abbey possesses 
is the name of Caedmon, 
the Father of English 
poetry, who was a herds- 
man of the Abbey, but like 
Amos of old became a 
prophet to the men of his 
day. 




WHITBY ABBEY, FOUNDED A. D. 65 



56 



Hona ^tone. 



In the autumn of 1903 an unexpected and most interesting gift came to the 
Cathedral at Washington, from Scotland. It was from the Lord Bishop of 
Argyle and the Isles, through the curator of the Island of lona, the Rev. John 
Skrine, .ind was brought to this country by Miss Susan F. Grant. It is a stoiie 
from the choir of the ancient Zona Cathedral, and comes to us, thus, as a link 
with the early Church, which was planted here in the far West, either in Apos- 
tolic or post-Apostolic days, the Church of St. Alban, and of Restitutus, Eborius 
and Adelfius, those Bishops who were present at the Council of Aries in A. D. 
314, the Church of St. Patrick, of St. Columba and St. Aidan, of St. Cuthbert 
and the Venerable Bede, of Scotland and Northern Britain. 

The last-recorded words of St. Columba, who died A. D. 597, have been cut 
upon this stone, as shown in the illustration below. 

lona Cathedral was founded by Columba 
A. D. 565. The Island of lona was given to 
him to be used for religious purposes, and 
there he also founded a monastery, to which 
the whole of northern Scotland and the isles 
surrounding it owe their first knowledge of 
Christianity. Here were trained some of the 
greatest men in the early history of our 
Church. The Kings of Scotland were for 
many generations crowned by Columba and his 
successors at lona, on the stone which now 
forms part of the English coronation chair, and when they died they were 
buried in that holy isle. 




ZONA CATHEDRAL 




Cl)e CantertJur?) ^miioiu 



IN the south transept of the Little Sanctuary stands the large stone pulpit or "ambon," to 
use the older Eastern word. This ambon is made of stones from Canterbury Cathedral, 
given by the Archbishop in memory of his illustrious predecessor, Stephen Langton, who 
led the barons when Magna Charta, that bulwark of Anglo-Saxon liberty, was granted 
by King John, and has been fashioned into a pulpit through the generosity of friends in this 
country. The original scheme was suggested and prepared by Bishop Satterlee and all the 
work was done according to the design and under the direction of William D. Caroe, Esq., 
architect in charge of Canterbury Cathedral, and illustrates in stone the history of our 
English Bible. 

The ambon itself is ten feet high, nine feet wide, and nearly fourteen feet in length 
if one includes the stone steps by which the speaker will ascend from the floor into the pulpit. 
The pulpit stands on stone pillars i.nd is embellished with three bas-reliefs. At the angles 
are four statuettes and over the bas-reliefs and statuettes is sculptured a frieze, which 
contains the names and dates of the principal editions of the Bible, as translated from the 
original Hebrew and Greek into our mother tongue, and revised again and again, until 
it is the masterpiece of the English language. The translations recorded on the frieze begin 
with the record of the Anglo-Saxon Gospels, A. D. 721, the Wicliffe Bible, A. D. 1383; 
William Tyndale's, A. D. 1525; Bishop Coverdale's Bible, A. D. 1535; Archbishop Cranmer's 
Bible, A. D. 1539; the Geneva Bible, A. D. 1560; the Bishop's Bible, A. D. 1568; the "Au- 
thorized Version" (King James Bible), A. D. 1611; and the "Revised Version," A. D. 1885. 

COMMEMOR/TES M.\GNA CHARTA. 

Underneath the frieze the central bas-relief represents Archbishop Stephen Langton 
leading the barons under the oaks of Runnymcde, handing the Magna Charta to King John 
for his signature. Below this group is a scroll containing the first words of the charter, 
which bear such eloquent witness to the principles of civil and religious liberty of which the 
Bible itself is God's charttr. 

The left-hand bas-relief represents the venerable Bede on his death bed, dictating to 
one of his pupils the last chapter of his Anglo-Saxon translation of the Gospel of St. John. 
The venerable Bede lies buried in Durham Cathedral, England, and while he is known 
chiefly for his celebrated church history, one of the earliest authentic English histories in 
existence, his memory is no less cherished for his great work in translating the Scriptures 
into his mother tongue. 

MARTYRDOM OF TYNDALE. 

The right-hand bas-relief represents the martyrdom of William Tyndale, who made and 
printed the first English translation of the Bible, A. D. 1525. For this work he was exiled 
to Germany, and after many years his enemies tried to persuade him to return, but he refused 
to go. He was finally captured and imprisoned in the dungeons of the Castle of Vilvorden, 
where, on Friday, October 6, 1536, he was strangled and burnt at the sake. His last words, 
"Lord, open the King of England's eyes," are inscribed on a scroll below the bas-relief. 

The four statuettes represent those who, at diiTerent epochs, stand out as most promi- 
nently identified with the history of the English Bible, viz.: King Alfred the Great 
(A. D. 871), who set forth the Ten Commandments and the Lord's Prayer in the common 
tongue for the use of his people; John WicliHe, rector of Lutterworth, who issued his 
English Bible in A. D. 1383; Lancelot Andrewes, Bishop of Winchester, the most prominent 
of the translators of the King James, or "Authorized Version," in A. D. 1611, and Westcott, 
Bishop of Durham, who was equally a leader in the company which set forth the "Revised 
Version" in A. D. 1881-1885. 

The ambon thus constructed bears enduring testimony to the progressive and successful 
efforts of our Church, to give the Bible to the peo|)le in their own language. 

58 



,! <^ 



Ik 





mI^I^I 


J ■ is 


j 




THE CANTERBURY AMBON 



Cf)e %Umi Cross. 

ON Easter Monday, April 24, 
1905, the Sinai Cross was con- 
secrated by the Bishop of 
Washington in his private chapel. 

The Sinai Cross is used as a Pro- 
cessional Cross, and is a gift to the 
Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul 
by Mrs. Bolton in memory of her 
husband, Henry Carrington Bolton, 
who was for many years a devoted 
Churchman of the Diocese of Wash- 
ington. 

The Cross is of brass and set with 
liighly polished stones of a deep 
red color, which Dr. Bolton brought 
with him from Mt. Sinai on his last 
visit to the Holy Land. 

The arms of the Cross terminate 
in Scallop Shells, which are distinctly 
the pilgrim's emblem, emphasizing the 
fact that our Christian life is a pil- 
grimage. A Scallop Shell has been 
used from the earliest days for the 
pouring of water on the head of the 
candidate in Holy Baptism. The Scal- 
lop Shell is also the pilgrim's drinking 
cup, symbolizing the living water 
which Christ gives us to drink. 

On the front of the Cross is af- 
fixed a serpent, reminding us of the 
serpent which Moses "lifted up" in 
tlie wilderness and typifying the "lift- 
ing up" of the Son of Man — but a 
dead serpent, symbolizing Christ's vic- 
tory over sin won on the Cross. 

On the face of the Cross is in- 
scribed these words : "Let God arise 
and let His enemies be scattered: let 
them also that hate Him flee before 
Him." (Psalm Ixviii. L) These 
words were used by Moses each morn- 
ing during the pilgrimage of the Chil- 
dren of Israel in the wilderness as the 
Ark set forward, led by the cloud of 
the Lord (Numbers x. 35). 

The Cross is used at all Cathedral 
services. 



60 



Cl)e LanDiiuirk aiiD ^uuDiah 




THE CATHEDRAL LANllMARK AND SUNDIAL 

On the Ascension Day, A. D. 1906, the landmark given hy Mrs. Julian 
James to commemorate the freedom of the Cathedral land from all debt, 
and the consequent hallowing of the Cathedral Close, was presented and con- 
secrated. This landmark is a beautiful bronze sundial, surmounting an open-air 
altar, on which are inscribed the names of those it commemorates. The 
sundial marks not only the hours of the day, but the different seasons of the 
Christian year hv means of a device designed by the Bishop and worked out by 
Rev. Professor Frank H. Bigelow. 



aiagtontiutp Ci)onu 




In the circle east of All Hallows Gate and in 
front of the Choir School is the Glastonbury 
Thorn, a gift of Mr. Stanley Austin and an 
offshoot from the celebrated thorn tree with 
which so many legends are connected, known 
as the Holy Thorn of Glastonbury. One of 
the legends of the Glastonbury Thorn is that 
it sprang from the staff of Joseph of Arima- 
thca, who was sent by the Apostle Philip to 
preach the Gospel in Britain. On reaching 
Yniswitrin, afterwards called Glastonbury, he 
stuck his staff in the ground to indicate that 
he meant to stay there, and the staff put forth 
leaves and branches, and every year on Christ- 
mas it blossoms. 
King Arthur, one of Britain's greatest Kings, around whose name are 
gathered the stories of the Round Table and the search for the Holy Grail, was 
buried, A. D. 532, at Glastonbury. Giraldus Cambrensis was an eye-witness of 
the opening of King Arthur's grave in A. D. 1191 by Henry II. 

61 



RUINS OF GL.^STONBURY ABBEY 

Baronius assigns the founding of 
his Church to Joseph of Arimathea, 
A. D. 43. 



CatfteDral jfont tiuD oaaptistcrp, 

^I^HE Baptistery is situated near the center of the Cathedral grounds. 
JL This building, about fifty feet in diameter, has been erected as a 
temporary structure, so that the Font may be used as occasion 
requires, and also to protect this beautiful and costly work of art 
from injury. 

The Font is made of pure white Carrara marble. It is octagonal 
in shape, fifteen feet in diameter, and raised on three steps. In the 
interior there are stone steps for descending into the water when the 
Font is used for immersion. 

In the center of the Font stands the figure of the risen Christ, with 
upraised hand, giving the great command recorded in the last chapter 
of St. Matthew's Gospel, "Go ye therefore and teach all nations, bap- 
tising them in the name of the Father, and of the Son and of the 
Holy Ghost," while in his left arm he holds a little child, symbolizing 
the command that he gave to St. Peter, after His resurrection, "Feed 
my Lambs." In His hands and side are the wounds made when He 
was upon the Cross. 

There is no halo about the head, the figvire tells its own story, 
showing that it is our risen Lord, who was crucified and now is alive 
forevermore. This figure of Christ stands on a rock, out of which 
the waters of baptism flow, thus providing for flowing, that is living 
water, which was so continuously emphasized by the Primitive Church. 
The Interior of the Font is lined with stones gathered from the 
River Jordan. 

The principal events of our Lord's life, especially those recorded 
in the Apostles' Creed, are sculptured on the eight exterior panels of 
the Font, as follows: (1) The Nativity, (2) the Baptism, (3) the 
Calling of the Apostles, (4) the Crucifixion, (5) the Resurrection. 
(6) the Ascension, (7) the Day of Pentecost, (8) the Coming of 
Christ to ransom His own at the Judgment Day. x\t each corner of 
the octagon stand the following Apostolic figures — St. Peter, St. PauL 
St. John, Joseph of Arimathea, St. James of Jerusalem, St. Mark, 
St. Matthew and St. Luke. All the writers of the New Testament 
are here represented, except St. Jude. His place is taken by Joseph of 
Arimathea, who gave his new-hewn sepulchre for the entombment 
of our blessed Lord. The figure of Joseph of Arimathea thus connects, 
through the burial of Christ, the Crucifixion and Resurrection. 

Few baptismal Fonts, large enough for immersion, have been 
built since the rise of Christian Art, and this Font stands as a witness 
to the right of every Christian to have the Sacrament administered by 
immersion as well as by pouring, as provided by the Book of Common 
Prayer. 

63 



Ci)e CtitbeDral IBaptisterp anD tt)e 31orDan Jfont. 




A large Brass Tablet will be placed on the wall of 
the Baptistery in memory of those by whom the statue of 
the Risen Christ, the different has-rclicfs, and the Apos- 
tolic figures were given. Also the names of those who 
gave the Jordan stones and other parts of the Cathedral 
Font, the majority of whom were baptised or brought to 
confirmation by the first T.ishop of Washington. 




The I'ont in St. 
Martin's Church at 
Canterbury, A. D. 
597. 



64 



Cl)e 31otDan Atones* 




In June, A. D. 1903, a caravan, l)earing a new kind of burden, 
different from any ever witnessed before in the Holy Land, might 
have been seen wending its way over the road from Jericho to Joppa. 
It was carrying these stones from the bed of the River Jordan, to the 
ship that was to carry them to far-off America to hallow the baptismal 
font of the great Cathedral at Washington. 

The above photograph sets before us the scene at the River Jordan 
itself, where the natives clothed in Oriental garb are gathering these 
stones at the Jordan's bank. 

The work was done under the supervision and direction of Mr. 
Herbert E. Clark, U. S. Vice-Consul at Jerusalem. 

Many are the associations which the River Jordan has with God's 
people in Gospel days, but of course most hallowed of all remembrances 
is the baptism of our Blessed Lord himself. In the distance is seen 
Ouarantana, the Mount of the Temptation, identifying the place where 
the stones were gathered as the old ford of the Jordan on the road to 
Damascus, the traditional location of our Lord's baptism. 

It cannot be otherwise than an inspiring thought, with those 
who, in coming days and centuries, shall be baptised in this Cathedral 
Font, that they stood upon the stones of the River Jordan, when, in 
fulfillment of the great commission of the Risen Christ to His Apostles, 
they were made members of Christ, the children of God, and inheritors 
of the Kingdom oi Heaven. 

65 



C!)e J^atioiuil Catl^eDral ^cljool for 13oi?0, 



Prn prrlpaia rt \\ra nalria 



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iii iii a iti'l" 


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THE LANE-JOHNSTON BUILDING 

VIEW OF NORTH FRONT 

In Memoriam 

James Buchanan Johnston 

Fell Asleep March 25, 1881 — Aged 15 Years. 

Henry Elliot Johnston 
Fell Asleep October 30, 1882 — Aged 13 Years. 

^'IVc asked life of Thcc, and Thou gavest them a long life, even for 

ever and ez>er." 

]%/rRS. HARRIET LANE-JOHNSTON, the niece of James Bu- 
^^ chanan, President of the United States, by her will bequeathed 
the sum of $300,000 to Washington Cathedral for a school for 
boys; one-half of this fund was directed to be used for the construc- 
tion of a building to be known as the Lane-Johnston Building, and the 
other half to be invested as an endowment fund to be known as the 
Lane-Johnston Pnnd, the income of wdiich is for the maintenance of 
the school. A further object as expressed in her will for this endow- 
ment fund, "while not restricting the general objects of said school," 
is that the income of the fund shall be applied to the free maintenance, 
education, and training of choir boys, primarily for those in the service 
of the Cathedral. The family names of herself and her husband are 
associated w-ith the bequest made in loving memory of their two sons. 



66 



whose names are mentioned above. Especial care is thus provided for 
the choristers, those "young n.iinisters of the sanctuary," whose early 
years are devoted especially to the service of God and the edification 
of His Church. It is intended that they shall be looked up to for 
their ofifice sake and that the choir shall thus become the nucleus of 
the larger school. 

In the execution of the trust, the Bishop of Washington appointed 
a committee to visit the Schools of the English Cathedrals and also 
certain of the more important schools for boys in this country, and 
to report upon their architecture and administration. 

The Boys' School was, therefore, most carefully planned. 

The Cornerstone was laid on Ascension Day, A. D. 1905, and the 
building was dedicated on Ascension Day, May 9, 1907, the anniversary 
of Mrs. Lane-Johnston's birth. The School is situated in the south- 
west section of the Cathedral Close, and was opened October 7, 1909. 
with Mr.' Earl L. Gregg, A. B., as Head Master. The building is 
completely equipped with all modern improvements, and includes a 
gymnasium. Recently, a piece of land adjoining the School grounds 
has been purchased, to be used for football, baseball, and for an 
athletic field, to be known as the "Satterlee Field." 

The Bishop of Washington is President of the Board of Trustees, 
and Chairman of the School Committee. 




BA?EHA1.L TEAM, litlO 

67 



j^ational CatbeDral ^cljool for 0irls, 




XA 1 K iNAI. I. A I lll-.liKAL SCI]U(.)L FUR GIRLS 

VIF.W OF SOUTH FRONT 

The National Cathedral School continues to be one of the most important 
features of Washington school life. The noble building, which stands at the 
northwest corner of the Cathedral Close, is the munificent gift of Mrs. Phoebe 
A. Hearst to the Cathedral Foundation. Her name will go down to posterity as 
the builder of the first hall of Christian education erected on the Cathedral 
Close. The interior furnishings were given by Miss M. W. Bruce of New York. 
The school was opened in October, 1900, with Miss L. A. Bangs and Miss M. B. 
Whiton, B. A., as principals, who in 1906 were succeeded by the present 
Principal, Mrs. Barbour Walker, M. A. 

The Bishop of Washington is President of the Board of Trustees and 
Chairman of the School Committee. 

A specially fine equipment in the way of fire protection, sanitary, and water 
supply, well-ventilated and sunny class rooms, gymnasium, art studio, music 
rooms, spacious assembly hall, arrangements for each resident student to occupy 
a room of her own, giving opportunity for private life and quiet thought, 
and an isolated infirmary for the sick under the care of a trained nurse, have 
pleased parents with the care for the preservation of health and the develop- 
ment of character. 

The Faculty is an unusually capable and competent one, composed of gradu- 
ates from the best colleges of the country. 

"The School is national as distinguished alike from what is sectional and 
from what is foreign ; the School is cathedral as distinguished alike from what is 
undisciplined, from what is non-religious and from what is petty." It is sought 
to give the girls such a Christian education as will thoroughly fit them for the 
respective spheres of life they will occupy after they leave their .Mnia Mater. 

68 



The corner-stone was laid on The Ascension Day, 1899, by the 
Bishop of \\'ashington. Tn his aihh-ess (in this occasion the Bishop 
said: "The chief aim of this schotil is tr> Imild up character by de- 
veloping equally the spiritual, moral, intellectual and physical life of 
its pupils, by deepening" the sense of Christian responsibility and per- 
sonal loyalty to Christ, by aiming at the highest intellectual standards 
of modern education, and cultivating trained habits of study, by giving 
especial attention to plu'sical health, out-of-door study and exercise, 
bv surrounding the scholars with elevating social influences, and the 
refined atmosphere of cultivated liome life." The School was dedi- 
cated on The Ascension Day, 1*X10. ]_\ngravcd on its corner-stone are 
the words : 

"For Citrist and IJis children. That oni daiKjIitcrs )nay be as 
the polished corners of the tenip!e." 

The Bishup in his dedicaticin address expressed the aspirations of 
all who liave been connected with the rearing of this institution, when 
he said: ■Ala^• our daughters ponder those things they learn here, 
and keep them in mind that they may so live in this present world 
that their children and their children's children shall rise up and call 
them ble.s>ed." 




ENTRANCE HALL. 



69 



people's SDpen^^ir Drinking^tOater jFountaiiu 



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PP^B| 




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During the summer of 1907 the Open- 
Air Congregation gave to the Cathedral 
Close a drinking-water fountain. The 
fountain is erected on the southwest 
wall of the Baptistery and bears an 
inscription in the words of our Lord, 
"Whosoever drinketh of this water shall 
thirst again ; but whosoever drinketh 
of the water that I shall give him shall 
never thirst."' 

The water passes through a filter, and 
cm Sunday afternoon, when the large 
crowds assemble, it is iced for the re- 
freshment of those gathered at the 
Cathedral Close. 



CI)e IBtcitiDock T^oulDen 

The Society of Colonial Wars in the 
I )istrict of Columbia, a patriotic organi- 
zation consisting of descendants of an- 
cestors who were distinguished in civil 
nr military life in North America from 
the settlement of Jamestown in 1607 to 
the l;aale of Lcxingti'n i;i 1775. and which has among its objects the commemora- 
tion of important events during that period of our Colonial history, dedicated, 
with appropriate ceremonies, in the autumn of 1907, a lioulder on which is a 
bronze tablet stating the fact that over the road in front of the Cathedral 
grounds, General Edward Braddock with British troops, marched on their way 
to T' ort l^uquesne, where, meeting a force of French and Indians, he met with 
severe disaster, culminating in his death, and from which defeat the British 
soldiers were only rescued l)y the foresight and wise discretion of George 
Washington. 




70 



Ci)e Ctitfteoral Close ^eruices. 

Mt.S>t. AUiait, iriaBljimUnii.S. t!i. 

Services every Sunday, 7.45, 9.45, and 11 a. m. (in St. Alban's Parish Church). 

ppu^lp'a W\\tii Air lEupusung 

Every Sunday afternoon, from Ascension Day to the Sunday next before All 
Saints' Day, at 4 p. m. 

Evening Prayer and Address every Sunday afternoon, from All Saints" Day to 
Ascension Day, at 4 p. m. 

OTri'k Sau S'libirra 

Mt)rning Prayer, daily 9 a. ni., l{\cning Prayer, daily 5 p. m. 

?^iih| Saya 

Services at 7.45, 9, and 11 a. m., and 5 p. m. 

Annual Srruirpa 

The Memorial Servicf. is held in the Cathedral Close, on the Sunday next before, 

or the Sunday after. Memorial Day (May 30), at 4 p. m. 

The Patriotic Service is held in the Cathedral Close on the Sunday next before, 

of the Sunday after, the 4th of July, at 4 p. m. 

Nntirr tu lltsitnra 

Ihe Cathedral Close is not a pnl)lic park, l)ut is open daily to the people, between 

sunrise and sunset; the buildings on the grounds are not open for 

inspection during divine service. 




ST. ALBAN'S PARISH CHURCH 



Oc ^cal of tl)c Diofcsr of cClas!)ington» 




The above cut depicts the oliiciul seal adopted by the eoirrciition of the Dieccsc of Washingtor 



(\X THE dexter side uf tlie --hield a])])ears the Jerusalem Cross 
' sio-nifying tliat our Chitrch traces her origin in lineal descent 
not to Rome or Constantinople, but to Jerusalem itself, that while 
>he 1,-lainis to he i>nly (jne branch (.f Christ's Church, she is a true 
branch, and a true witness in the twentieth centurv of what the whole 
Catholic and Apostolic Church was in primitive da_\s. The left side 
of the shield is blazoned with the coat of arms of Ceneral \\'ashington. 
He was a devotit Chttrchman. but held from deep conviction the neces- 
sity of separation of Clnu-ch and State. The arms of the Father of 
His Country are incorporated into those of the Diocese of Washington 
as a suggestion of the principle that the only connection between 
Church and State is through each individual man. who is at once a 
citi/en of the CiMumonwealtb and a citizen of the Kingdom of Heaven. 
The motto of the Diocese of Washington sets forth the four Latin 
w ords : 

"Scrtf^tiira, Syinhiiliiiii. M ysfcritini. Ordo." 



Holy Scripture and A])ostolic (^rced. Holv Sacranieiu and Apostolic 
< )rder — the .Anglican basis for the union of Christendom as set forth 
iiv the ( hicago Lambeth Conference in the la>l centurw 



Cl)c ^cal of fi^astington CatjbeDraL 




ri^ HE'dcsign of the seal nf the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul which has 
I been adopted by the Chapter, is the work of John H. Buck, formerly 
head of the Ecclesiastical Department of the Gorham Company, New 
York, and one oi the most expert heraldic scholars in this country. 

Under the star will be observed the Icthus, or fish, perhaps the earliest 
Christian s}niliol in the Primitive Church. The five letters of the Greek word 
fr>r fish are, tal<en separately, the initials, in Greek, of the words, "Jesus Christ, 
G:'d's Son, Saviour." In this way the fish became a symbol of our Lord, and 
was a kind of password between Christians of those early times, when they 
were under persecution. It was not nuich used by the Medieval Church and 
is not used in modern times, but is a most valuable symbol for a branch of 
the Church representing primitive Christianity. The figures of the Apostles are 
accompanied l)y their traditional symbols. The Keys of St. Peter remind us 
that he opened the door of the Church to both Jews and Gentiles (see 
Act? ii and x). The sword of St. Paul is the emblem of the spirit of martyrdom, 
inspired in us by the Word of God, which is the sword of the Spirit. St. Peter 
holds the Gospel of St. Mark, the earliest Gospel, written at the dictation of 
St. Peter. St. Paul holds the Chalice and Paten, because, outside of the 
Gospels, St. Paul is the Xew Testament writer who narrates most about the 
H':^Iy Communion (see 1 Cor. x and xi). Beneath these figures is the Coat 
of Arms of the Diocese of Washington. 



Ci)e Constitution, 



THE FOLLOWIiXC. liY-LAWS ARE ESTAISEISHED BY THE PROTESTANT-EPIS- 
COPAL CATHEDRAL FOUNDATION OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA FOR 
ITS GOVERNMENT, AND SHALL HEREAFTER BE KNOWN AS THE CONSTI- 
TUTION OF SAID CORPORATION. 



PREAMBLE. 



Tlie purpose of tlie Cathedral Church in the Diocese of Washington is threefold. 

First: It shall be a House of Prayer for all people, forever free and open, welcoming 
all who enter its doors to hear the glad tidings of the Kingdom of Heaven, and to worship 
God in spirit and in truth. It shall stand in the Capital of our country as a witness for 
Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, to-day and forever; and for the Faith once for all 
delivered to the saints; and for the ministration of Christ's Holy Word and Sacraments, 
which according to His own divine ordinance, is to continue alway unto the end of the 
world. 

Second: It shall be the Bishops Church, in which his Cathedra is placed. Inasmuch 
as he is called to an apostolic office, and apostolic duties are laid upon him, this Cathedral 
Church is to be so built, and its organization is to be so ordered, as to aiTord him, without 
let or hindrance or divisions of his apostolic authority, full and free opportunty for dis- 
charging the responsibilities of his sacred office. 

Third: It shall be the Mother Church of the Diocese, maintaining and developing 
under the pastoral direction of the Bishop and the Dean, his Vicar, the fourfold work of a 
Cathedral, viz. ; 

Worship, under the guidance of a Precentor; 
Missions, under the guidance of a Mi^^sioner; 
Education, under the guidance of a Chancellor; 
Charity, under the guidance of an Almoner. 

The better to subserve this purpose, all supraparochial organizations in the Diocese, 
evangelical and missionary; theological and educational; devotional and musical; charitable 
and institutional, should be affiliated with the Cathedral as far as possible. 

The work of the Cathedral is not to be that of a Parish Church, because its sphere 
is above and beyond that of the parish. So far from interfering with parochial life, it 
must be a help and inspiration to all the parishes of the Diocese. 

The further and more definite organization of the different parts of the Cathedral 
F"oundation, in its relation to the Diocese and the Church at large, the functions of the 
different officers, the responsibilities, privileges and limitations of each office, the different 
spheres of activity and matters of detail, are left open for adjustment as the work develops. 

The Bishop, the members of the Cathedral Chapter and the members of the Cathedral 
Council are charged with the responsibility, first, of maintaining for the time to come in the 
spirit of the Anglican Basis for Church Unity, this ideal of the Cathedral of Washington, 
so that its work may be paramount and progressive; and, secondly, of securing that godly 
co-operation in the Church, which is set forth by St. Paul in the twelfth and thirteenth 
Chapters of the I'irst Epistle to the Corinthians. 

ARTICLE I. 
Of the Object. 
The object and purpose of the Corporation known as the Protestant Episcopal Cathedral 
Foundation of the District of Columbia, shall be the establishment, erection, maintenance 
and management of a Cathedral Church, and its appurtenances in the Diocese of Washington, 
in accordance with the doctrine, discipline and worship of the Protestant Episcopal Church 
in the United States of America, together with such other foundations, missions, schools 
and religious works, as properly may be connected therewith. 

74 



ARTICLE II. 

Of tlic Name. 

The Washington Cathedral is dedicated to Christ, as His House of Prayer. In honor 
of His blessed Apostles and Martyrs it shall be called 

THE CATHEDRAL CHURCPI OF ST. TETER AND ST. PAUL. 
ARTICLE in. 

Of the Government. 

Section L The government and administration of this Catliedral shall be vested in 
the Bishop of the Diocese of Washington and a Cathedral Chapter. 

Skc. 2. There shall be a Cathedral Council to act as a Scnatus Episcofi in accordance 
with ancient precedent. 

ARTICLE IV. 

Of the Cathedral Chaffer. 

Section 1. Of Members and Powers. 

§ 1. The Board of Trustees of the Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Foundation of the 
District of Columbia, exercising all the rights and powers conferred upon the Corporation, 
and subject to all the duties imposed upon the Corporation by the Charter granted by the 
Congress of the United States of America, on January 6, 1893 (the feast of the Epiphany), 
and all amendments thereto, shall constitute the Cathedral Chapter. It shall consist of fifteen 
members. The two names. Board of Trustees and Cathedral Chapter, designate one and 
the same body. 

§ 2. The Bishop of the Diocese, being ex officio the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, 
shall be e.v officio a member of the Chapter and its President. 

§ 3. The first members of the Cathedral Chapter shall be the Trustees holding office 
Januar}' 6, 1906; namely, Henry Y. Satterlee, Alexander Mackay-Smith, Randolph H. McKim, 
Alfred Harding, John M. Wilson, Charles C. Glover, John A. Kasson, George Truesdell, 
James Lowndes, George Dewey, Charles J. Bell, Thomas Hyde, Wayne MacVeagh, Daniel 
C. Gilman, and William C. Rives. They shall continue in office until their successors are 
elected, as is hereinafter prescribed. 

§ 4. As vacancies in the Chapter occur, whether by death, resignation or otherwise, 
after the adoption of this Constitution, they shall be filled in such manner that the fourteen 
members of the Chajiter, other than the Bishop of the Diocese, shall, as soon as practicable, 
consist of seven clerical members, who shall be priests in good standing, five of whom 
shall be canonically resident in the Diocese of Washington; and seven lay members who 
shall be well-esteemed communicants of the Church. The said seven clerical and seven 
lay members shall be elected in manner hereinafter provided; they shall each hold office 
for two years, and shall be eligible for re-election at the end of their term of office. 

Sec. 2. Of Election to the Chapter. 

§ 1. All vacancies among the members of the Cliapter shall be filled by election by the 
Chapter, upon nomination by the Bishop. 

§ 2. In case the Chapter decline to elect a person nominated by the Bishop, another 
nomination shall be made by him. 

Sec. 3. Of Meetings of the Chapter. 

§ 1. An annual meeting of the Chapter shall be held on the Thursday of the first 
week in Advent of every year. A full report shall then be made by the Treasurer showing 
the exact financial condition of the Corporation. 

§ 2. The Chapter shall meet at such other stated times as it shall appoint. 

§ 3. Five members of the Chapter shall constitute a legal quorum. 

§ 4. Special meetings of the Chapter may be called as occasion requires by the Bishop, 
or in his absence or di'^ability, by the Dean, or by three members of the Chapter. 

Sec. 4. Of the Officers of the Cathedral. 

§ 1. The Officers of the Cathedral shall be the Bishop, the Dean, the six Canons, the 
Secretary, the Treasurer and Members of the Finance Committee of the Chapter. Of the 
six Canons, four shall bear the titles respectively of Precentor, Chancellor. Missioner, and 
Almoner. The Dean and the Canons shall be Priests in good standing and Members of tlie 
Chapter. When the office of Dean is vacant, the Bishop shall act as Dean. Appointments 
to the offices of Dean, Precentor, Chancellor, Missioner, and Almoner, and to the other 
two canonries. shall be made by the Chapter upon nomination by the Bishop, as occasion 
may require, from the members of the Chapter. 

§ 2. If a vacancy in the office of Dean or Canon continue unduly, it shall be the 
Bishop's duty to nominate some fit person to the vacant office when requested in writing by 
a majority of the Members of the Chapter. 

§ 3. " The seven Priests of the Chapter, according to ancient custom, shall be known 
as the Presbytery, and to these shall pertain, under the Bishop, all the spiritual functions, 
responsibilities and ministrations of the Cathedral, except as otherwise heremafter provided. 

§ 4. A Secretary shall be elected annually bv the Chapter, from among its own members. 

§ S. A Treasure'r shall be elected annuallv by the Chapter, from among its own members. 

§ 6. A Finance Committee of three shall be elected annually by the Chapter, from 
among its members. 

Sec. .S. Of the Ritual and Worship. ^ , j i 

The Bishon shall have supreme control of the Ritual and ordermg of the Cathedral 
services, and the delegation of any part of this power to the Dean or the Presbytery 
is left for future consideration. 

75 



I i-:.\l I'OKMO i'KnXlSlO.X. 

As long as tl)e clT-ccs of Precentor, Chancellur. Missiuncr, and Almoner, or any one of 
them s! aii be \acani, and whenever in the Bishop's judgment the \velfare of the Cathedral 
Foundation shall so require, he shall have authority, with the consent of the Chapter, to fill 
temporarily such offices by selection from among the Priests of the Diocese, in good 
standing: sueli ap):ointment5 to continue, each for one year. 

ARTICLE \'. 

Of the Calhcdral Council. 
Section 1. Of the Functions of the Council. 

The Cathedral Council shall devise ways and means of furthering the work of the 
Cathedral and of the Diocese, arrange for public and ecclesiastical functions, for meetings of 
tl'e General Convention or other organizations of the National Churcli, which may be held in 
Washington, and, in general, shall act as the Bishop's Advisory Council in all matters in 
which he shall seek their co-operation, and in the nomination of the Principal Persons of the 
Cathedral, w'hen the Bishop so desires. 

Sec. 2. Of the Catliedral Councillors and their Functions. 

§ 1. Members of the Cathedral Council shall be known as Cathedral Councillors, and 
shall consist of: 

The Bishop of the Diocese, who shall be ex officio Provost of the Council, the Bishop 
Coadjutor, if there be one, and the members of the Cathedral Chai]ter; the following ex officio 
members of the Diocesan Convention; the members of the Standing Committee of the 
Diocese; the .Archdeacons of the Diocese; the Deputies of the Diocese sitting in the last 
General Convention; the members of the Board of Managers of Diocesan Slissions; the 
Treasurer of the Diocese; the Secretary of the Diocese; the Chancellor of the Diocese; 
the Rector of St. Alban's Parish, and the examining chajilains of tlie Diocese. 

§ 2. The Cathedral Council may elect additional members to be called Honorary 
Canons of the Cathedral, to serve for five years, and to be eligible for re-election, namely, 
such rectors of parishes, professors in colleges, instructors in schools, chaplains connected 
with the Diocese, not exceeding ten in the whole, as the Bishop may nominate. 

§ 3. The Cathedral Council may also elect additional members, to be called Cathedral 
Lecturers, such well-esteemed, devout and godly men, holding fast without wavering the 
confession of the Nicene Faith, as shall be nominated by the Bishop. These shall not 
exceed fifteen in the whole, and shall hold office for a term not exceeding five years. They 
shall be eligible for re-election for a like term under the same conditions. 

§ 4. Flonorary Canons shall each he required to preach, and the Cathedral Lecturers 
to lecture, at least once a year, if so directed in writing by the Bishop, at such time and 
jilace as he may designate. 

§ 5. Tlie Cathedral Council sliall eke; annually its own Secretary and its own Treasurer 
from among its own members, the duties of tlie Treasurer to be designated by statutes 
hereafter to be enacted. 

§ 6. In case the Council decline to elect an Honorary Canon or Cathedral Lecturer 
nominated by the Bishop, another nomination shall be made by him. 

§ 7. No man shall be held a Cathedral Councillor, until he has been duly installed 
in office. 

§ 8. To each member of the Cathedral Council a stall shall, if posible, be assigned 
in the choir of the Cathedral, and on all public occasions, when the members of the Cathedral 
Council are present in their official capacity, the Clerical Councillors shall wear their proper 
vestments, and the Lay Councillors such robes as may be jirescribed. 

§ 9. A quorum of the Cathedral Council shall consist of twenty members. 

ARTICLE VI. 

Of Statutes. 

Sf.ction L The Chapter shall have power to adopt from time to time, amend or repeal 
statutes for the government of the Cathedral and of all matters pertaining to it and of all 
persons connected with it. jirovided the same shall be reasonable and not inconsistent with 
tlie Charter of the Cathedral Foundation or with this Constitution. 

Sec. 2. The Council shall have power to adopt from time to time, to amend or reiieal 
statutes for its own government and administration, provided that they do not conflict witli 
tlie Charter, tliis Constitution or the statutes enacted by the Chai>ter. 

ARTICLE VII. 

Of .iinendiiiji This Constitution. 

No change sliall be made in this Constitution by addition, omission or alteration, unless 
after three months' notice thereof, upon the concurrent vote of two thirds of the members 
of tlie Chapter and the written consent of the Bishop. .\ny change in Articles I, 11, III, 
TV, or V, shall first be submitted for the consideration an.l opinion of the Cathedral Council, 
if such Council be then permanently organized. 

76 



Ci)e €atf)cDrcil ^Drgani^ation. 

THr: CHAPTER. 
Right Revekend Aleked Mardixc. D. D., LL. D. 
Rev. Randolph H. McKni, D. D., LL. D., D. C. L. 
■ Charles C. Glover, Esq. 
John M. Wilson, LL. D., Brig-Gen. U. S. A. 
Hon. George Truesdell. 
George Dewev, Admiral L'. S. N. 
Charles J. Bell, Esq. 
Thomas Hyde, Esq., Treasurer. 
William C. Rives, M. D. 
Rev. William L. De Vries, Ph. D., Secretary. 
Rev. G. C. F. Bratenahl, D. D. 
Rev. Richard Pardee Willi.v.ms. 
Rev. Roland Cotton Smith, D. D. 

THE CATHEDRAL COUNXIL. 

Pr0V(_)ST. 

Right Reverend Alfr]-.d Harding, D. D., LL. D. 

CorNCILLORS. 

Rev. C. S. Abbott. 

Rev. John A. Asbinwall. 

Charles J. Bell, Esq. 

Marcus Benjamin. Ph. D., So. D., LL. D. 

Rev. J. H. W. Blake. 

Rev. G. C. F. Br.atenahl. D. D. 

Arthl'r S. Browne, Esq. 

Rev. Chas. E. Buck. 

Melville Church, Esq. 

Rew W. G. D.wenport. 

Rev. William L. De Vries, Ph. D. 

George Dewev, Admiral L'. S. X. 

Rev. George F. Dudley. 

Rev. Edw.vrd S. Duxlap. 

Charles C. Glover, Esq. 

J. Hoedsworth Gordon, Esq. 

C. J. H ED rick, Esq. 

Rev. Fredk. B. Howden. 

Thomas Hyde, Esq. 

Rev. Arthur S. Johns. 

S. E. Kramer, Esq. 

W. M. Lewin, Eso. 

Rev. George H. McGrew, D. 1). 

Rev. Randolph H. McKim. D. D., LL. D.. D. C. L. 

Rev. J. Henning Nelms. 

Rev. Thomas J. Packard, D. D. 

Rev. G. Freeland Peter. 

William C. Rives. M. D. 

RiA. J. TowNSKXD Russell. 

W. H. Singleton, ICsq. 

Rev. C. Ernest Smith. 1). 1)., 1). C. L, 

Rev. G. Williamson Smith, D. D., S. T. D., LL. D. 

Rev. Herbert Scott Smith. D. 1). 

Rev. Roland Cotton Smith. 1). 1). 

Chas. H. Stanley, Esq. 

RiA-. H. W. Stowell. 

James H. Taylor, Esq. 

Rev. Robert Talbot. 

Hon. George Truesdell. 

Rev. Richard P \rdei- \\'ilee\.\is. Secretary. 

L. A. WiLMKK. Eso. 

John M. Wilson. LL. ]).. Brig.-Geii. U. S. A. 



li3istocica! ftiott$. 



l"ni-n tlic day<; of ("icnr,-;!- W'asliii'gtun oii\s;irds tlic e>=tablisliinent of a Cathedral in 
Washington has been iliscusseil. \'arious sites and methods for its establishment have been 
jiroposed. 

In the diary of lion. John \'. L. Pruyn, under date of March 28, 1871, there is the 
record of a proposed gift ])y William \V. Corcoran, Est]., of the entire square in which 
liis house and grounds were situated, a most valuable |)iece of ground directly opposite 
Lafayette Square and the White House; Mr. Corcoran's gift was made deiiendent upon the 
securing of at least one million dollars for the erection oi a "National Cathedral of the 
I'rotestant Episcopal Chtu'ch at Washington." 

Twenty years later, on I )ecenilicr V. 18Q1, Charles C. (ilover, Esq., originated the presenl 
Cathedral project, and called the first nieeting looking toward the organization of a Cathedral 
I-'oundation at his residence, 20 Lafayette .Square. Among tliose present on this occasion were 
Right Reverend William I'aret, 1). ])., r.isho]) of -Maryland ; Charles C. Glover, Esq., Hon. J. C. 
liancroft Davis, Hon. John .\. Kasson, Hon. Francis G. Newlands, Hon. George Truesdell, Gen 
John G. Parke. B. H. Warder, E.sq., A. T. P.ritton, Esq., Charles M. Matthews, Esq., Henry E. 
I'ellew, Esq., John T. Armes, Esq., Thomas Hyde, Esq., Lewis J. Davis, Esq., Henry E. 
Davis, Esq., A. C. Barney, Esq., Gen. S. V. Benet, William C. Hill, Esq., Edward J. Stell- 
wagen, Esq., Charles J. Bell, Esq., Herman K. \'iele, Esq., and Richard H. Goldsborough, 
Ls<i. After Bishop Paret had spoken, Mr. Charles C. Glover strongly advocated a location 
in the suburbs where there would be sufficient room for schools and edaeational institution.s, 
which he believed would bring living interest to the wliole project: a connnittee was aii- 
jiointed to select a site and to secure funds to build and endow a "National Cathedral" 
in the District of CV)lumbia. It was the .sense of this meeting that a great free Church, 
be.'intiful in architecture and well equipped in its appointments, is more needed ni tliis 
city than in any otiier: that the I'oundation should include an incorjiorated body with its 
l)ean and Ciiai)ter, composed of men who should be the ablest iireachers and teachers the 
Church can produce, and that around the Cathedral building shovdd clusier great schools 
for tlie education of children, clergy houses, a hall for ecclesiastical gatherings, and a 
house for visiting clergy. 

On December 21, 1892, a meeting was held to liear the remirt of this Committee on 
tiie Site. The generous offer of a site at Pctworth containing thirty acres was reported. 
I he Committee, however, stated that after careful consideration a site at the corner of 
Woodley Lane and the Klingle Road had been selected. Through the generosity of many 
persons this site was secured and jilans were drawn for a Cathedral around which "should 
cluster institutions of learning and mere}." 

On the Feast of the Epipany, !89,'. (January sixth), a charter for the Protestant Epis- 
copal Cathedral Foundation was granted by Congress and ai>provevl by the President. The 
incorporators elected the following lioard of Trustees: The Right Reverend William Paret, 
I). D.. P.isho]^ of Maryland. President, c.v officio; Rev, George W. Douglas, D. D., Rev. R. H. 
McKim. 1). D.. Rev. j. S. I'.. Hodges. I). D., Rev. A. Mackay-Smith, D. D., Hon. George F. 
Ivhminils, Gen. John ( i. Parke, Gen. Jolin M. Wilson, Charles C. (ilover, Esq., Hon. Cieorge 
I'ruesdell, lion. John .\. Kasson, A. T. I'.ritton, Esq., Henry E. Pellew, Esq., James 
Lowndes, Esi|., and Theodore W. Noyes, Esq. 

In 1896 the Right Reverend Henry Yates Satterlee, D. 1)., was consecrated first Bishop 
of Washington. After due consultation with those aetnely interested in the Cathedral 
project, especially- with Charles C. Glover, Esq., who had been the first to ardently recom- 
mend a suburban location, Bishop Satterlee determined to surrender the land then held by 
the Cathedral Trustees, and to purchase instead the incomparable site now possessed by the 
I'rotestant Kpi,sc<)|)al Cathedral l-"oundation at the corner of Massachusetts and Wisconsin 
.\venues. which is nearly four huiuhed feet above the level of Pennsylvania Avenue and over- 
looks the entire City of Wasiiin'.;ton. Of what has been aeconnilislu-d since then this Hand Book 
gives a partial record. 

78 



Ci)conologi>, 



1791. Congress decides to make the future City in the new Federal district the Capital of 

the United States. 
1801. The Government of the United States removes to the City of Washington. 
1845. St. John's School for Boys occupies Mt. Alban. 
1855. St. Alban's Free Church built on Mt. Alban. 

1866. Mt. St. Alban first suggested for the Cathedral of Washington. 
1893. iE^iipljann (January 6th). charter for the Washington Cathedral Foundation granted by 

Congress, and approved by the President. 

1895. Diocese of Washington set off from Maryland. 

1896. KTpaat nf thr Annunriatinn, Consecration of the first Bishop of Washington. 

1898. Cathedral land bought for $245,000. 
General Convention held in Washington. 

l^eace Cross raised to mark tlie foundation of the Cathedral of SS. Peter and PauL 

President McKinley made an address. 7,000 persons present. 
All S'atnta. Bishop Claggett's remains translated to the Cathedral Close. 

1899. AarMiaiuit Saji. Laying of the corner-stone of the Cathedral School for Girls. 

1900. Sarfnaiou Bay. The Cathedral School for Girls was dedicated. 

1901. Aarrnaton Bail. Raising of the Glastonburv Cathedra. 

Retreat for Clergy held in Cathedral Close, June 2S-28th. Conductor, Rev. C. H. 
P.rent, of Boston. 

1902. AarrnBinn BajJ. The Jerusalem x^ltar placed in the Little Sanctuary. 
Dedication of the Little Sanctuary. 

Mr. Stanley Austin gives some graftings from Holy Thorn of Glastonbury. 
Retreat for Clergy held in Cathedral Close, June 9-12th. Conductor, Rev. J. C. 
Roper, D. D., of New York. 

1903. Retreat for Women held in Cathedral Close, February 22-24th. Conductor, the Bishop. 

of the Diocese. 
The Diocesan Convention constitutes the Cathedral Foundation an institution of the 

Diocese of Washington. 
AarrnaiDtt Ban. Beginning of third year of Open-Air Services and consecration of 

the Hilda Stone. 
Bequest of $300,000 by Mrs. Harriet Lane-Johnston for a Cathedral School for Boys. 
Open-Air Service of Pan-American Conference of Bishops. Address by President 

Roosevelt; 17,000 persons present. 

1904. AarrttHion Ban, Consecration of the Jordan Font. 

Christian Unity Service. Sermon by the Archbisho)) of Canterbury: 35,000 persons- 
present. 

1905. Aarrnaintt Bag, Laying of the corner-stone of the Lane-Johnston Memorial Building 

of the Cathedral Choir School. 

1906. ABrcnainn Baji, Hallowing of the Cathedral Close. Erection of the Sundial as a 

landmark and stone of remembrance. 

1907. AarcnSiiut Bajt. The Cathedral Choir School dedicated. 
The Chimes placed in Belfry of the Little Sanctuary. 
Plans for Cathedral accepted. 

S-t. iHlr^arl anft All Angpla. Laying of the F'oundation Stone of the Cathedral. 
Address by President Roosevelt and the Bishop of London. International Broth- 
erhood of St. Andrew service. Speakers, the Bishop of London, Associate 
Justice David J. Brewer and Father Waggett, S. S. J. E. 30,000 persons 
present. 

The Unveiling of the Braddock Boulder. 

1908. Henry Yates Satterlee. D. D.. LL. D., First Bishop of Washington, died February 

'22d. Burial in the Little Sanctuary. 
Aarrnaion Bay. Foundation Builders' Service. Breaking of ground for the Bethlehem 
Chapel of the Holy Nativity. 

1909. Sljp (Snnlirrainn of git. JJaiil. Consecration of the second Bishop of Washington. 
Christian Workers' Mass Meeting. 

Aarpttainn Bau. Beginning of ninth year of Open-Air Services. 

Opening of the Cathedral School for Boys. 

Tenth anniversary of the opening of the Cathedral School for Girls. 

1910. jFraat of U7P Anmutriatinn, Work on the Cathedral Fabric begun. 
l'"irst meeting of the National Cathedral .\ssociations. 
AarrnBtnn Bati. First service on the Cathedral Fabric. 

Open-Air Service for Free and .Accepted Masons; 5,000 persons present. 
AllS'atnta'Bay (November 1st), Laying of the corner-stone of the Bethlehem ChapeL 

1911. Breaking of Ground for the Bishop's House, on the Cathedral Close. 
A erriiainnB Beginning of the eleventh year of open air services. 

79 



€:bt Q^ace, 



The Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul has 
received a beautiful .silver and ebony mace 
from Mr. Fitzhugh Whitehouse in memory of 
his revored father, i^ishop Whitehouse, who 
was the founder of the cathedral system in 
the American Church. The handle of the 
mace is of solid el)ony, with silver embossed 
rings. At the top is a beautiful molded silver 
figure of an angel, holding in one hand the 
sword of St. Paul and in the other the key 
of St. Peter, as emblems of tlie two apostles 
from whom the Cathedral bears its ancient 
name. This mace is in the care of the Cathe- 
dral Chapter and is used on occasions of pub- 
lic services when the Bishop is present. 



Cf)e peace Cross ^eriiice* 

'Jlie first of the Open-Air Services 
upon the Cathedral Close, destined to be- 
come so unique a feature in the rehgious 
hfe of the National Capital, took place 
( )ctober 23, 1898, when the Peace Cross, 
around which the services are held, was 
tnl^•t•iled and dedicated. 

At this service, William McKinley. 
President of the Cnited States, took part, 
as did the Bishops and other Clergy who 
were in Washington, attending tiie last 
Triennial Convention of the Ninenteenth 
Century. Bishop Satterlee made the 
opening adddess, introducing the Presi- 
dent, who said: 

i>Ri-:siDENT Mckinley's address. 

"I appreciate the very great privilege 
given me to participate with the ancient 
church here represented, its Ijishops 
and its laymen, in this new sowing 
for the Master and for men. Every 
undertaking like this for the promo- 
tion of religion and morality and edu- 
cation is a positive gain to citizenship, to 
country and to civilization, and in this 
single word I wish for the sacred enter- 
prise the highest influence and the widest 
usefulness." 

Bishop Doane also made an address, 
followcfl by Bishop Whip]:»le with pray- 
ers and tlie benediction. 

80 



(SrciU SDpen=air ^cruiccs on tfte CatJjeDral Close* 

In addition to tlie Peace Cross Service there was held on Sunday, October 25, 1903, 
an Open-Air Missionary Service for the Pan-American Conference of Bishops and the 
Missionary Council. On this occasion the address was made by President Roosevelt from 
the following texts: "Thou shalt serve the Lord with all thy heart, with all thy soUl, and 
with all thy mind," and "Be ye therefore wise as serpents and harmless as doves," to 
which the Presider.t added the words from the Collect for the day, that, "We being ready 
both in body and soul, may cheerfully accomplish those things which Thou commandest." 
The President's address was a stirring appeal to all those to whom, to use his own words, 
"Is granted the inestimable privilege of doing the Lord's work in this world." 

The service closed after a short address by the Archbishop of the West Indies. 

Another most notable gathering was the Christian Unity Service on Sunday, Septem- 
ber 25, 1904. The address was given by the Archbishop of Canterbury in the form of 
what he called a salutation. In the course of his address the Archbishop of Canterbury 
said: "No other period of Christendom can compare with ours in the possibilities which are 
set within our reach. No other part of Christendom, as I firmly believe, can do for the 
world what we on either side of the sea can do for it, if we only will. God give us grace 
to answer to that inspiring call." 

On the Feast of St. ^Michael and All Angels, in the year of our Lord 1907, in the pres- 
ence of the President of the United 'States, sixty-two bishops of the Church of the English- 
speaking race, hundreds of clergy, a great vested choir, and thousands of people of all sorts 
and conditions, the Bishop of Washington laid the Foundation Stone of the Cathedral of 
St. Peter and St. Paul. 

"In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen. I do 
]ironounce and declare duly and truly laid this Foundation Stone of Washington Cathedral, 
to be builded here to the glory of the ever blessed Trinity, and in honor of Christ our 
Lord, the Incarnate Son of God, and to be dedicated under the name and title of his 
blessed .Apostles and iNlartyrs, Saint Peter and Saint Paul, as a House of Prayer for all 
people, and for the ministration of God's holy ^^'ord and Sacraments, according to the 
use of the branch of the holy Catholic Church known as the Protestant Episcopal Church 
in the United States of America. 

"And I do furthermore declare and )')roclaim that the Bishop, Chapter, and Diocese of 
Washington, do hold and administer this Cathedral Church as a trust, for the_ benefit and 
use notonly of the people of this Diocese and City, but also of the whole American Church, 
wlinse every baptized member shall have part and ownership in this House of God. 

"Other foundation can no m.an lay than that is laid, even Jesus Christ, who is God over 
all, blessed for evermore. Amen." 

With this declaration che Stone from tlie fields of Bethlehem, imbedded in a block of 
American granite, was laid, the first stone of tlie superstructure which will support the 
■Cathedral Altar. 

The address on this occasion was given by President Roosevelt. 

Following tlie President's address was the Salutation by the Bishop of London. 

.\t the conclusion of the Salutation the Bishop of Virginia read the offertory sentences, 
the Bishop of Maryland oflfered the closing collects and the Presiding Bishop of the Church 
in the United States crowned the great seivice with the benediction. 

At 3 o'clock in the afternoon, on St. Michael and All Angels' Day, A. D. 1907, an 
Open-.\ir Service was held under the auspices of the International Convention of the 
Brotherhood of St. Andrew. 

.■\ddresses were made by the Bishop of London. Associate Justice David J. Brewer, of 
the Supreme Court of the United States, and l-'ather Waggett, of the Society of St. John 
the Evangelist. 

The presiding Piishop brought the service to a close with the Benediction. 

As the sun sank in the west, the long white-robed procession moved up the hill toward 
the Peace Cross and St. iXlban's Church, singing the familiar hymns, "Onward, Christian 
Soldiers" and "Sun of Aly Soul, my Saviour Dear" and "For all the Saints who from 
their labors rest." Tlius the beautiful service ended, long to be remembered by those 
who took part, clergy, choir and iieople, and last, but not least, the Brotherhood of 
St. Andrew. 

On All Saints' Day (November 1, 1910) an Open-Air Service was held on the great 
foundations of the Cathedral Choir and Sanctuary. The Rt. Rev. Alfred Harding,^ D. D., 
LL. D., laid the corner-stone of the Bethlehem Chapel of the Holy Nativity, which is to be 
constructed in the Crypt of the Cathedral. The Bishop was assisted in the laying of the 
corner-stone by Henry Yates Satterlee, grandson of the first Bishop of Washington. 

The sermon was preached by the Rt. Rev. Charles Henry Brent, D. D., Bishop of the 
Philippines. 

82 



0\ All Saints' Day. A. D. I'no, the LVimer-stone of the LlethlelKin 
Chapel of the Holv Xativity was laid in meni(jr_\' (jf the Riglit 
Reverend Henry A'ates Satterlee. D. D.. LL. D., First Bishop of 
Wasliington. 

The Bethlehem Chapel consists of that portion of the Crvpt li- 
rectly under the Altar and Sanctuary oi the Cathedral. As such, it is 
properly the tirst part of the Cathedral to be built. The Foundation 
Stone laid by B)ish(-i]) .Satterlee on the h^ast of St. Michael and All 
Angels, .v. D. 1907, is die tirst >ti.ine (jf the Reredos (>f the FJethlehcni 
Chapel and of the suljstructure for tlie t.'athedral Altar. 

Idle Corner-stone was laid Ijy the Right Reverend Alfred HarJ- 
ing, D. D.. r>ishop (if \\'ashingt(jn. assisted by Henry Yates Satterlee, 
grandsi^n of Bishop Satterlee. 

The sermon, preached b}- Ihshop lirent. was at once a tribute to 
the memor}- of Bishop Satterlee, and a statement of the purposes 'ji a 
Xatiisnal Lathedral. Bishop Brent began his sermon as follows: 

"There are occasions when the |)reacher dues not choose his te:;t, 
but rather does the text fix itself in the mind of the preacher and 
ilemand that it Ije used. And this is (Hie of those occasions. W'h.at 
text ciiuld be taken except the words of the Prophet Tsaiah, who sail: 
"A little child shall lead them." to-da_\', wlien we la\- the Corner-stone of 
the Bethlehem Chapel of the Holy Xativity with memories of one wh:0 
was ycjur chief pastor — a man virile and stmng, but yet in spiri: a 
little child? 

" ".Vs the hills stand al)OUt Jerusalem, so standeth the Lord round 
about his people ' 

"On this towering eminence which has kei)t its sentinel watch over 
our cajMtal city since its infancy, the walls of a worthy temi)le of God, 
national in aim, national in name, are about to be reared, it will typify 
that in which we all believe — that the (I(jd of nations is with us. As 
he has watched (jver us in the ])ast so will lie guide and shape o:ir 
destiny in the days to come. 

"Already has he set His name upnn tlii> ])lace. and where ( lod sets 
His name, there abides llis presence. "This is nmie other but :he 
House of CjO(], and this is the gate of heaven.' 

84 



"There will be no mistaking the meaning of this house. Its one 
use will be worship. It will be a constant invitation in stone to all 
men to come to (iod, as revealed in Jesus Christ, and in Him to find 
illumination and strength and contentment. It will be a constant re- 
minder to our legislators and statesmen and all who dwell in this 
Capital city, that all human law must find for a sure fijundation, Divine 
law — the law of God. 

"The conception of a national Cathedral was the conception of a 
man whose sympathies were as broad as mankind, whose patriotism 
was as intelligent as it was deep, and whose insight was that of the 
pure in heart." 




THE CORNER-STONE SERVICE 



S5 



15i0i)op €Iaggetf$ Com!) in ^t. aitiairs Ci)urcl), 




TOMBSTONES OF BISHOP CLAGGETT AND MARY G. CLAGGETT, HIS WIFE 

(In St. Alban's Church.) 

IN accordance with a resolution passed by the House of Bishops at the Gen- 
eral Convention of the Church held in Washington, October, 1898, the 
remains of the Right Reverend Thomas John Claggett, the first Bishop of 
the Church of God consecrated on American soil, were translated to the 
Cathedral ground upon the Feast of All Saints, 1898, and rest in a vault 
immediately under the chancel of St. Alban's Church. 

As the Glastonbury Cathedra is a witness to the continuity of the English- 
speaking branch of the Church, so Bishop Claggett represents in his own person 
the historic Episcopal succession of our Church from the days of the Apostles 
and thus from our Lord Jesus Christ Himself. Through Bishop Claggett every 
bishop of the American Church since then derives his succession. 

Bishop Claggett was consecrated First Bishop of Maryland on September 17, 
1792, at Trinity Church, New York, during the session of the General Con- 
vention. Among his consecrators were : 

Samuel Seabury, Bishop of Connecticut, who was consecrated November 14, 1784, by 
Scotch Bishops: and William White, Bishop of Pennsylvania, who was consecrated February 
4, 1787, in the Chapel at Lambeth Palace, London, by the Archbishop of Canterbury, the 
Archbishop of York, the Bishop of Bath and Wells, in whose diocese Glastonbury is situated, 
and the Bishop of Peterborough. 

Bishop Claggett's other consecrators were Samuel Provost, Bishop of New York, who 
was Chaplain of the Continental Congress, and James Madison, Bishop of Virginia. 

P>ish(ip Claggett and all the Bishops of our Church trace their historic descent along many 
lines and particularly from James, the Lord's brother, first Bishop of Jerusalem, from St. 
John at Ephesus, as well as from St. Peter and St. Paul. The lists given on the following 
pages are taken from "The Primitive Church" by Rev. A. B. Chapin, "Illustrated Notes on 
Englisli Church Llistory," by Rev. C. A. Lane, and "The Primitive Saints and the See of 
Rome," by F. W. Puller, S. S. J. E., and "Regcstrum Sacrum Anglicanum," by William 
Stubbs, Bishop of Oxford. 

The list of the Bishoiis from Jeru^-alcm folU-ws the British succession, and is therefore 
more especially associated witli Cilastimbiiry. > 

86 



In Apostolic Days, it was held that the Church of Christ 
had no right or authority given her by Christ to originate a 
Ministry by herself. The "Apostolic Ministry" means a 
Ministry Commissioned by Christ when He chose the Twelve 
Apostles. Apostolic Succession means a law of Continuity, 
whereby the Order of Ministers, thus begun by Christ, is per- 
petuated from century to century, until "the end of the days." 

To protect this law of Continuity and prevent any possible 
break, it has been the Rule of the Church, from the earliest 
days, that no man should be admitted as a Bishop in the 
Church of God unless tliree bishops unite in the Laying On 
of Hands. This makes the Apostolic Succession, not like 
a chain, in which if one link is lost, the whole line is broken, 
but like a net in which there are many hundreds of inter- 
lacing lines of succession, and, therefore, no possibility of 
any break. 

In the following lists several lines of historical succession 
are given : 

Bishops of Jerusalem. 





A.D. 




A.D. 


I. James, the Lord's 




28. Valens, 


191 


brother. 


35 


29. Dolchianus, 


194 


2. Simeon, son of 




30. Narcissus, 


195 


Clopas, 


60 


31. Dius, 


200 


3. Justus L 


107 


32. Germanio, 


207 


4. Zachaeus, 


III 


S3. Gordius, 


211 


5. Tobias, 


112 


34. Alexander, 


237 


6. Benjamin, 


117 


35. Mazabanes. 


251 


7. John I, 


119 


36. Hymenaeus, 


275 


8. Mathias, 


121 


;i7. Zambdas, 


298 


9. Philip, 


122 


38. Herman, 


300 


ID. Seneca, 


126 


39. Macarius [, 


310 


II. Justus n, 


127 


40. Maximus IH, 


315 


12. Levi, 


128 


41. Cyril, 


330 


13. Ephraim, 


129 


42. Herenius, 


350 


14. Joseph, 


131 


43. Hilary, 


364 


15. Judas, 


132 


44. John n. 


386 


16. Marcus, 


134 


45. Praglius, 


416 


17. Cassianus, 


146 


46. Juvenal, 


424 


18. Publius, 


154 


47. Anastasius, 


458 


19. Maximus I, 


159 


48. Martyrius, 


478 


20. Julian, 


163 


49. Salutis, 


486 


21. Caius, 


165 


50. Elias. 


494 


22. Symmachus, 


168 


51. John HL ., 


513 


23. Caius, 


170 


John HI, said to 




24. Julian, 


173 


have consecrated 




25. Maximus H, 


178 


David, first Bishop 




26. Antonius, 


182 


of Menevia, now 




27. Capito, 


186 


St. David's, Wales. 





Bishops of St. David's, Wales. 

The Diocese of St. David's comprises Southwest Wales. 
It is one of the Ancient Sees of the British Church. The 
ancient name of St. David's was Mynyw, Latinized into Me- 
nevia. In Welsh St. David's is known to-day as Ty-Ddewi, 
which signifies David's House. It was a seat of an Archbish- 
opric in the British Church. 



87 



Bishops of St. David'!<, Wales. 



5-'- 



53- 
54- 

55- 
56. 
57- 
58. 
59- 
60. 
61. 
62. 
63. 
64. 
65. 
66. 
67. 
68. 
69. 
70. 
71- 
72. 
72,- 
74- 



David, or Dcwi, 
Saint, Archbishop. 
Commemorated on 
March ist, 519 

Cynog, 544 

Teilo, afterwards Bp. 
of Llandaff, 566 

Ceneu, 

Morfael. 

Haerwncn, 

Elwaed, 

-Gwrnwen, 

Llunwerth, 

Gwrwyst, 

Gwgan, 

Clydawg, 712 

Einion, 

Elfod, 

Ethelman, 

Elanc, 

Maelsgwyd, 

Sadwrnen, 832 

Cadell, 

Sulhaithnay, 

Nobis, 840 

Idwal, 

Asser (Adviser and 
Instructor of Al- 
fred the Great), 
afterwards Bishop 
of Sherbourne, now 
Exeter, 906 

ArthfaeU 

Sampson, 910 

Ruelyn, 

Rhydderch, 961 

El win, 



80. 
81. 
82. 
83. 
84. 
85. 
86. 

87. 



90. 

91- 
92. 

93- 
94- 

95- 
96. 
97- 
98. 
99- 
100. 

lOI. 

102. 
103. 
104. 
105. 
106. 
T07. 
108. 
109. 
no. 
III. 

112. 

113- 
114. 
115. 
116. 



Alorbiw, 

Llunwerth, 

Eneuris, 

Hubert, 

Ivor, 

Morgeneu, 

Nathan, 

leuan, 

Arwystl, 

Morgannuc, 

Erwyn, 

Trahaearn, 

Joseph, 

Bleiddud, 

Sulien, 

.Abraham, 

Sulien Ddoeth, 

Rhvddmarch, 

Gri'flfri, 

Bernard, 

David Fitz Gerald, 

Peter de Leia 

G. de Henelawe, 

Jorwerth, 

Anselm, 

Thomas Wallensis, 

Richard Carew, 

Thomas Beck, 

David Martyn, 

Henry Gower. 

John Thoresby, 

Reginald Brian. 

Thomas Fastolf, 

Adam Houghton, 

John Gilbert, 

Guy Mone, 

Henry Chicheley, 



924 

944 



999 



1023 
1023 

1039 
1061 
1061 
1071 
1076 
1076 
1088 
1096 

1 115 
1 147 
1 1 76 
1203 
1215 
1230 
1246 
1256 
1280 
1296 
1328 
1.347 
1.350 
1353 
1361 
1389 
1.397 
1408 



Archbishops of Canterbury. 



116. 


H. Chicheley. 


1414 


117. 


J. Stafford, 


1443 


118. 


J. Kemp, 


1452 


119. 


T. Bourchier, 


I4.S4 


120. 


J. Morton, 


i486 


121. 


H. Dean, 


1502 


122. 


W. War ell am, 


T503 


123. 


T. Cranmer, 


1533 


124. 


R. Pole, 


I. 556 


125. 


M. Parker. 


1559 


126. 


E. Grindall, 


'.575 


127. 


J. Whitgift, 


1583 


128. 


R. Bancroft, 


1604 


129. 


G. Abbott, 


1610 


130. 


W. Laud. 


1633 


131- 


W. Juxon, 


1660 



A. D. 

132. G. Sheldon. 1663 

133. W. Sancroft, 1677 

134. J. Tillotson, 1691 
I3S- T. Tennison, 1695 

136. W. Wake, 1715 

137. J. Potter, 1736 

138. T. Herring, 1747 

139. M. Hutton. 1751 

140. T. Seeker, 1758 

141. F. Cornwallis, 1768 
1.^2. J. Moore. 1783 

}iIoore conse- 
crated White first 
Bishop of Penn- 
sylvania. 



88 



Bishops of the Church in U. 5. 



143- 



144 



White, First Bishop 
(if Pennsylv'ia, 1790 
White was a con- 

secrator of Clag- 

gett as first Bishop 

of Maryland. 

Claggett, First 
Bishop of Mary- 



148. 
149. 



150. 





land, 


179^ 


145- 


Kemp, Md., 


1814 


146. 


Stone, Md., 


1830 


147- 


Whittingham, 






Md., 


1840 



Pinkncy, Md., 1870 

Paret, Md., 1885 

In 1895 the dio- 
cese of Washing- 
ton was set ofif 
from the diocese of 
Maryland. 
Satterlee, first 
Bishop of Wash- 
ington, 1896 
151. Harding, second 
Bishop of Wash- 
ington, 1909 

OTHER LINES OF EPISCOPAL SUCCESSION. 

A.D. 

St. John, .^3-100 

A. D. 100. The Apostle St. John died at Ephesus 
about this time (/ren. Ill, 3). 

A. D. 97. St John's pupil, Polycarp, became 
Bishop of Smyrna. 

Bishops of Smyrna. 

Polycarp, 97-156 

A. D. 156. In this year Polycarp was martyred. 
His pupil, Pothinus, had previously been sent to 
Gaul as Bishop of Lyons (Euscbius TV, 5). 



Bishops of Lyons. 



Pothinus, 156-177 

A D. 177. In this 
}'ear Pothinus was 
mart3-red and was 
succeeded by 

Irenaeus, 187 



r 

6. 

7. 
8. 


Zacharias, 
Elias, 
Faustinus, 
Verus, 


9- 

10. 


Julius, 
Ptolemy, 


II. 


Vocius, 


12. 

13- 


Maxim us, 
Tetradus, 


14. 


Verissimus, 


15- 
16. 

17. 
18. 

19- 


Justus, 

Albinus, 

Martin, 

Autiocluis, 

Elpidius, 


20. 
21. 


Licarius, 
Eucherius I, 



374 



427 



A.D. 

22. Patiens, 451 

23. IvUpicinus, 

24. Rusticus, 494 

25. Stephanus, 499 

26. Viveutiolus, 515 

27. Eucherius II, 524 

28. Ivupus, 538 

29. Licontius, 542 

30. Sacerdos, 549 

31. Nicetus, 552 

32. Priscus, 573 
22>- Aetherius, 589 

Aetherius, to- 
gether with Vir- 
gilius, Bishop of 
Aries, consecrated 
Augustine as Bish- 
op at Aries Novem- 
ber 16, 597. .'Au- 
gustine afterward 
became Archbish- 
op of Canterbury. 



89 



Archbishops of Canterbury. 











A. D. 


34. 


Augustine, 






596 


35- 


Laurence, 






605 


36. 


Melitus. 






619 


37. 


Justus, 






624 


38. 


Houorius, 






t>34 


39- 


Adeodatus, 






654 


40. 


Theodore, 






668 




Theodore 


{^ 


m- 






self a Gree 


c) was 






consecrat 


ed 


as 





Bishop by Vitalian, 
Bishop of Rome. 
(See following 
page) 



41. 


Berthwold, 


693 


42. 


Tatwine, 


731 


43. 


Nothelm,' 


735 


44- 


Cuthbert, 


74^' 


45. 


Bregwin, 


760 


46. 


Lambert, 


763 


47- 


Aethelred, 


793 


48. 


Wulfred, 


803 


49- 


Theogild, 


830 


50. 


Ceolnoth, 


830 


51- 


Aethelred, 


871 


52. 


Plegmund, 


891 


53- 


Athelm, 


9>5 


54- 


Wulfelm, 


024 


55. 


Odo Severus, 


941 


56. 


Dunstan, 


959 


57- 


Aethalgar, 


988 


58. 


Siricus, 


989 


59- 


Alfric, 


996 


60. 


Elphage, 


1005 


61. 


Lifing, 


1013 


62. 


Aethelnoth, 


1020 


63. 


Edisus, 


1038 


64. 


Robert, 


1050 


65. 


Stigand, 


1052 


66. 


Lanfranc, 


1070 


67. 


Ansclm, 


1093 


68 


Rodnlphus, 


II14 


69. 


Corbel], 


1 123 


70. 


Theobald, 


1 139 




Becket, 


1 162 


72. 


Richard, 


1 174 


73. 


Baldwin, 


1 184 


74- 


Fitzjocelin, 


I191 


75. 


Walter, 


1193 




Presiding 


Bishops of 


120. White, first Bishop of 




Pennsylvania, 


was a 




consecrator ol 


Hop- 




kins as first Bishop of 




Vermont. 




121. Hopkins, fir.st Bishop of 




Vermont, was 


a con- 




secrator of 


Tnttle, 




first Bishop 


Utah, 




Idaho and Montana. 







A. D. 


76 


Langton, 


1207 


77- 


Wetherfield, 


1229 


78 


Edmund, 


1 1 34 


79- 


Boniface, 


1245 


80. 


Kilwarby, 


1272 


81. 


Peckham, 


1278 


82. 


Winchelsey, 


1294 


83. 


Reynold, 


LV3 


84. 


Mepham, 


1328 


85. 


Stratford, 


1333 


86. 


Bradwarden, 


LS49 


87. 


Islip, 


1349 


88. 


Langham, 


1366 


89. 


Whittlesey, 


1368 


90. 


Sudbury, 


1375 


91. 


Conrtnej', 


1 38 1 


92. 


Arundel, 


1396 


93- 


Chicheley, 


1414 


94. 


J. Staflford, 


1443 


95. 


J. Kemp 


1452 


96. 


T. Bourchier, 


1454 


97. 


J. Morton, 


i486 


98. 


H. Dean, 


1502 


99- 


W. Wareham, 


1503 


100. 


T. Cranmer, 


1533 


lOI. 


R. Pole, 


1556 


102. 


M. Parker, 


1559 


103. 


E. Grindall, 


1575 


104. 


J. Whitgift, 


1583 


105. 


R. Bancroft, 


1604 


106. 


G. Abbott, 


1610 


107. 


W. Laud, 


1633 


108. 


W. Juxon, 


1660 


109. 


G. Sheldon, 


1663 


no. 


W. Sancroft, 


1677 


III. 


J. Tillotson, 


1691 


112. 


T. Tennison, 


1695 


113- 


W. Wake, 


1715 


114. 


J. Potter, 


1736 


U.S. 


T. Herring, 


1747 


116. 


M. Hutton, 


1751 


117. 


T. Seeker, 


17.S8 


118. 


F. Cornwallis, 


1768 


119. 


J. Moore, 


1783 




Moore conse 


- 




crated White firs 


t 




Bishop of Pennsyl 


- 




vania. 





the Church in U. 5. 

122. Ttittle, Bishop of Utah, 
Idaho and Montana 
was translated to Mis- 
souri, 1886, and is 
now presiding Bi.shop 
of the Church in U. S. 



90 



SS. Peter and Paul, A. D. 68. 

Martyrdom of St. Peter and St. Paul at Rome. 

Irenseus, Bishop of Lyons, who wrote in A. D. 177 (Contra Omnes Haereses), 
gives the order of the earliest Roman Bishops thus: "Linus, Anencletus, Clement." 
frenasus represents tlie Roman Church as having^ been founded' '''by the two 
most glorious apostles, Peter and Paul" ; and then he goes on to say that "the 
blessed apostles having founded and builded the Church, committed the ministry 
of the episcopate to Linus." 



A. D. 64. 

Tradition says that 
St. Paul, after his 
first imprisonment 
at Rome, went to 
Spain, and possibly 
to Britain. That 
about this time 
Trophimus, the 
Ephesian referred to 
in the Acts of the 
Apostles and in St. 
Paul's Second Epis- 
tle to Timothy, be- 
came First Bishop 
of Aries, a town not 
far from the present 
city of Marseilles. 

Bishops of Aries. 





A. a 




Trophimus, 


68 




Regulus, 






Martin I, 


254 




Victor, 


266 




Marinus. 


313 




Martin U, 






Valentine, 


346 




Saturnius, 


353 




Arternius, 






Concerdius, 


374 




Heros. 






Patroclus, 


412 




Honoratus, 


426 




Hilary, 


433 




Ravcnus, 


449 


I 


Augustolis, 


455 


2 


Leontius, 


462 


3 


Aenoius, 


492 


4- 


Ceserius, 


506 


5 


Ananius. 


543 


6 


Aureliau, 


546 


7 


Sapandus, 


557 


8. 


Licerius, 


585 


9- 


Virgilius, 


588 


10. 
II. 


V i r g i 1 i u s. to- 




12. 


gether with Aeth- 




13- 


erius. Bishop of 




14- 


Lyons, consecrated 




1=^. 


Augustine as Bish- 




16. 


op at Aries, No- 




17- 


vember 16, 597. 




18. 



A. D. 67. 

Tradition says that 
there were at Rome 
about thi.s time the 
son and the daughter 
of the British King 
Caradoc (whom the 
Roman? called Car; 
actacus), Linus and 
Claudia, who were 
held as hostages for 
the good behavior of 
their father. Claudia 
is thought to be the 
British Princess who 
was (according to 
Martial, the Roman 
historian) married 
to Pudens, the son 
of a Roman senator, 
and Linus (British 
Llin) is identified 
with the first of the 
long line of the 
Bishops of Rome. 
(Claudia, Linus and 
Pudens are men- 
tioned together in 
II Tim. iv : 21). 

{Condensed from His. 
Notes on Englisk 
Church Histot v by 
Rev C. A. Lane', S. P. 
C.K.) 

Bishops of Rome. 





A. D. 


Linus, 


67 


Anencletus, 


79 


Clement, 


91 


Evarestus, 


100 


Alexander, 


108 


Sixtus I. 


118 


Telesphorus, 


128 


Hyginus, 


138 


Pius I, 


141 


Anicetus, 


155 


Soter, 


166 


Eleutherius, 


174 


Victor I, 


187 


Zephyrinus, 


198 


Calixtus I, 


2X6 


Urban I, 


221 


Pontianus, 


229 


Anteros, 


235 



91 



Bishops of Rome. — Continued. 







A. D. 








A. D. 


19 


Fabianus, 


236 


54 


Boniface II, 




530 


20 


Cornelius, 


251 


55 


John 11, 




532 


21 


Lucius I, 


252 


56 


Agapetus I, 




535 


22 


Stephanas I, 


253 


57 


Sylverius, 




536 


23 


Sixtus II, 


257 


58 


Vigilius, 




540 


24 


Dionysis, 


259 


59 


Pelagius I, 




555 


25 


Felix I, 


269 


60 


John III, 




560 


26 


Eutychianus, 


275 


61 


Benedict I, 




574 


27 


Caius, 


283 


62 


Pelagius II, 




578 


28 


Marcellinus, 


296 


63 


Gregory I, 




590 


29 


Marcellus I, 


308 


64 


Sal)inianus, 




604 


30 


Eusebius, 


310 


65 


Boniface III, 




606 


31 


Melchiades, 


311 


66 


Boniface IV. 




608 


32 


Silvester I, 


314 


67 


Adeodatus, 




615 


33 


Mark, 


336 


68 


Boniface V, 




619 


34 


Julius I, 


ZZ7 


69 


Honorius I, 




625 


35 


Liberius, 


352 


70 


Severinus, 




640 


36 


Damasus I, 


366 


71 


John IV, 




640 


37 


Siricus, 


385 


1^ 


Theodore I, 




642 


38 


Anastasius, 


398 


7i 


Martin I, 




649 


39 


Innocent I, 


402 


7 A 


Eugenius I, 




654 


40 


Zosimus, 


417 


75 


Vitalian, 


658-672 


41 


Boniface I, 


418 










42 


Celestine T, 


422 




Vitalian conse- 




43 


Sixtus III, 


432 




crated Theodore as 




44 


Leo I 


440 




Bishop in A. D. 


668 




45 


Hilarus, 


461 




and Theodore 


be- 




46 


Simplicius, 


468 




came the seventh 




47 


Felix III. 


483 




Archbishop of Can- 




48 


Gelasins I, 


492 




terbury. (For 


the 




49 


Anastasius II, 


496 




line of the Arch- 




50 


Symmachus, 


498 




bishops of Canter- 




51 


Hormisdas, 


514 




bury., from Theo- 




52 


John I. 


523 




dore on, see page 


90.) 




53 


Felix IV, 


526 











92 





Pohick Churcl: 



f^ EORGE WASHINGTON, the first President of the 
V_T United States, and the one to whom under God 
the nation owes its independence more than to any- 
other man, was a communicant, vestryman, and lay-reader 
I if the Episcopal Church. Pohick Church is and always 
has been the parish church of Mt. Vernon. It is five 
miles from the mansion, and was built in 1768 from 
plans drawn by General Washington, a member of the 
liuilding committee. Washington was a vestryman of 
this church for twenty years, never permitting, as 
Bishop Meade says, "the weather or company to keep 
him from church." 




Washington was also a vestryman previous to the 
Revolution in Christ Church, Alexandria. This church 
was erected in 1767. Washington was one of the first to 
buy a pew, and one of the first vestryman chosen. Presi- 
dent Washington's pew in this church is still preserved 
as it appeared when occupied by the family. While 
President of the United States, and residing in New 
York, he attended St. Paul's Church ; in Philadelphia, 
Christ Church. 

Christ Church. Alexandria 

(5l}t 3Taitl|\if tltp iFramers nf tl^c (Caitstitultatt nf tljp Hnitrb ^tatcH. 

We publish below the names of the members of the convention which framed 
the Constitution of the United States, giving their religious affiliations, showing 
that two-thirds of those who signed this all-important State paper were by birth, 
baptism or family connected with the Episcopal Church. 

Episcopal Church. — George Washington, Rufus King, William Samuel 
Johnson, Alexander Hamilton, David Brearley, Jonathan Dayton, Benjamin 
Franklin, Thomas Mitflin, Robert Morris, George Clymer, Jared Ingersoll, James 
Wilson, Gouverneur Morris, George Read, John Dickinson (nominally), Richard 
Bassett, Jacob Brown, Daniel Jenifer, John Blair, James Madison, Jr., William 
Blount, Richard D. Spright, John Rutledge, Charles C. Pinckney, Charles 
Pinckney, Pierce Butler, William Few 

Congregation ALiST. — John Langdon, Nicholas Gilman, Nathaniel Gorham, 
Roger Sherman, Abraham Baldwin. 

Presbvtfrtan. — William Livingstone, William Patterson, Gunning Bedford, 
Jr., James McHenry, Hugh Williamson. 

Roman Catholic. — Thomas Fitzsimmons, Daniel Carroll. 

93 



Qllir If mill iif tlic ^irinprs of tl|p S^rlaratton of inbrjjpttiirnrp. 



^pvatapaliane. 




T. Jeffers-on. R. H. I.ee. B. Hranklin 




1,. Morris. B. Gwinnett. T. Stone. A. Middleton. J. Wilson. B. Harrison. 




G. Walton. J. Penu. O. Wolcott. R. Morris. S. Chase. Wm. Paca. 




G. Ross. T. Nelson. J. Hewes. G. Clynier. F. Lewis. W. Hoojier. 




G. Taylor. T. Heyward. F. Hopkiuson. G. Wythe. G. Read. C. Braxtou. 



94 



QIongrpgalionaltBlH. 




T. Adams. J. Hancock. 




R. Shenuan. I.. Hall. S. Huntington. W. Whipple. \V. F.llery. 




VV. VViUianis. R. T. I'aine. S. A.lams. J. Haitlctt. M. Thurnt. 

Prpabytrrtana 




J. Smith. T. M. Frcan. A. Clark. J. Withcrspoon. W. Iloy 
(l^uakrra (2) iBaptiat ffinman (£atl?olir 




S. Hopkins. R. Stockton. J.Hart. C. Carroll 



Of the fifty-six actual signers of the Declaration of Independence, two-thirds 
(thirty-four) were members of the Episcopal Church. Our authority for this 
statement is the late Bishop Perry of Iowa, who gives all the facts in an mter- 
esting pamphlet, entitled "The Faith of the Framers of the Declaration of 
Independence." 

The above photographs are published by courtesy of S. S. McClure Company. 

95 



Jlppendix. 



th; Enalish Church and the Papal Claims. 



(.7) The erroneous claim that the Church of England began with 

King Henry VIII. 
(b) The erroneous claim that Christianity in Britain owes its origin 

to the Roman Catholic C.iurch. 

1.\' the year 609 Ethelbert, the first Christian King of Kent, 
having set going the Inree great Cathedral Churches of Canter- 
bury, London and Rochester, gave for the support of the Cathedral 
Church at London an estate in Ksse.K called Tillingham. Tliis estate, 
given by Kthelbert in 6oq, is still in the possession of the great Cathe- 
dral of London (St. Paul's), audit has been in their possession consecu- 
tively forj 1300 years. There is no act of Parliament taking this prop- 
erly away from the Church of Kome and giving it to the Church of 
Kngland, and no act of Parliament taking it awaj' from the Church of 
England at any period of her history and giving it to the Church of 
Rome ; nor is there any act of Parliament during any of these thir- 
teen centuries confirming the title, as though [during the Reforma- 
tion, for instance,] it might have been voided or thought to have been 
voided. 

If any one should say that it was the Roman Church, however, to 
which Ethelbert had given this property in 6og, in spite of the name, 
the 'Church of the l{nglish," the reply is that in Kthelberfs day, 

(a) Pope Gregory VII claimed no jurisdiction; 

(b) the distinctively Romish doctrines of papal supremacy and infalli- 
bility, transubstautiation, purgatorial indulgencies, the doctrine of the 
immaculate conception, etc., etc., etc., were unknown, but the doctrines 
of the Church in London at that time correspond closely to the doctrines 
held by that same Church in London at the present time. 

It is a mistake to conceive of the beginning of Christiauitv in Eng- 
land as of Latin origin, rather was it of Greek. Greek was the lan- 
guage of the civilized world at the time of our .Saviour's coming. The 
Septuagint Greek version and not the Hebrew version of the Old Testa- 
ment was in common use; so with the New Testament, the Greek ver- 
sion was commonly used until long after the martyrdom of Alban in 
304 or the Council of .'"irles in 314, at which three British Bishops were 
present. (The Council of Aries was called by the Emperor Constantine 
and met on August i, 314. The Council consisted 01 thirty-three 
Bishops. Son.e Bishops, among whom was Silvester, Bishop of Rome, 
sent Presbyters and Deacons as their delegates. It is most probable 
that Marinus, wlio was Bishop of Aries at the time, presided by the 
Emperors orders. The Council examined into the cases of Catcilian 
and Felix of Aptunga, on an appeal from a Council held at Rome, 
whose decision appears to have had but little effect. ~ The Bishops 
Aries also enacted twenty-two Canons and finally sent its decrees lo 



96 



Silvester, who was Bisliop of the imperial citv of Rome, but was too 
aged to atteud the Council of Aries in person. " in order that all might 
know what these decrees were,"— but not to wait for his approval 
before they were promulgated.) 

It was by order of Pope Damasiis, ^66-^84, that Jerome fint translated 
the scriptii) es into the Latin tongue.' 

The earliest Fathers came from the East and, except Tertulliau, 
wrote in Greek. The earliest principal writers of ecclesiastical his- 
tory wrote in Greek. All the Hcumeuical Councils, their decrees and 
their canons, not to mention the Nicene creed itself, were in Greek. 
The Church of Rome itself was in the beginning a colony of Greek 
Christians and Orecised Jews: Their liturgical language was Greek, their 
organization was Greek, their writers Greek, their scriptures Greek, 
their literature Greek, of whicli the Greek words Church, Bishop, I'riest, 
Deacon, Ecclesiastic, Epiphany, Litany, Liturgy, etc., are witnesses. 
The .Scriptures, therefore, which the first Christian missionaries brought 
to England with them were Greek, and the [Latin influence began 
many centuries later. 

Pope (Gregory I, A. D. 590-60.1, to whom is due the beginning of Latin 
influence upon the English thurch, an influence which has been pro- 
ductive of great good, as well as much evil, always used the name 
"the Church of the I'luglish," as he called the French l^hurch "the 
Church of the Gauls." Of his own Church lie spoke as the Roman 
Church. He never used such an impossible phrase as the Church of 
Rome in England. This same Pope declared that any Bishop or 
Pope who claimed to be the Universal Bishop of the World Would be 
the Forerunner of Antichrist, so that in his day there was no thought 
of papal jurisdiction over the Church. 

In the succeding centuries such papal claims began to be put forth, 
and as they were jnit forth were resisted by the F.nglish Church, of 
which resistance the following are a few.hi.storical instances : 

A. D. 700-800, Cuthbert, Archbishop of Canterburj\ summoned a 
council of the English Church at Clovesho, proposing that difficult 
cases in English ecclesiastical courts should be referred to Rome. 
The Council, after due consideration, directed that all questions 
should be referred to the Archbishop. 

In this century the English Church sided with the Galilean and 
Fasteru Church against Rome on the question of " image worship." < 

A. D. 800-900. Aelfrick, of St. Albans, wrote a letter (which is now 
extant in Exeter Cathedral) against the then recently proposed Latin 
doctrine of transubstantiation. Aelfrick's position in regard to this 
doctrine is substantially the one found in our thirty-nine articles. 

A. I). looo-iioo. Relying on William the Conqueror's oath respecting 
their religious liberty, the English Bishops refused Gregory VII's 
summons to attend his council at Rome. The Bishop of Rome then 
summoned Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, to Rome on penalty 
of "deposition and severan^-e from the grace of Peter if he did not 
come within four months. Lanfranc did not go and nothing was done. 

A. U. 1100-1200. Pope Urban II declared that the Archbishop of 
Canterbury ought to be treated as his, the Pope's, equal, "the Popeand 
Patriarch of another world." 

The English council of Clarendon, A. D. 1164, forbade all appeals to 
Rome. 

A. D. 1200-1300. On June 15, 1215, King John signed Magna Charta, 
whose first words are. " We have granted to God in and by this our 
present charter and have confirmed for us and for our heiis forever 
that the Church of Fngland should be free and have all her rights and 
liberties inviolable." 'I'he I'ope commanded Stephen Langton, Arch- 
bishop of Canterburj-, to exconimunicate the barons for their action iu 



97 



regard to this charter. Langton refused and Magna Charta stood and 
has since been ratified by thirty-three Knglish monarchs. In this same 
century, Rich, Archbishop of Canterbury, in ii>34 resisted Koinan 
encroachment and Grostete, Bishop of Lincoln, withstood " Innocent " 
to his face at Lyons. In 1265, Sewall, Archbishop of York, entirely 
disregarded the Roman excomnjunication fulminated against him. 
•- A. D. 1300-1400. In 1336 Parliament passed an act which said that no 
Italian priest should tithe or toll in England. The Statutes of Pro- 
visors and Prtemunire, passed by Parliament in this century, forbade 
the Bishop of Rome to appoint to any bishopric or other Church Office 
in England. In case of his doing so the benefice was declared 
to be vacant. The right of nomination lapsed to the King, and the 
same statutes appointed confiscation of property and imprisonment to 
any one procuring from Rome any appointments, bulls or excommuni- 
cations. Wyclif, rector of Lutterworth, and who, in 1380, made the 
first translation of the Bible into English, wrote as follows: "The 
Bishop of Rome hath no jurisdiction in this realm of England and 
never 1 ad." 

A. D. 1534 The English Bishops iu consviltation, with one exception, 
Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, assented to this resolution: " Rf solved. 
That the Bishop of Rome has no greater jurisdiction conferred on him 
by God in this Kingdom than any other foreign bishop." 

During the reign of Henry VIII, who died in 1547, and his successor, 
Edward Vi (1547- 1553), and his successor Mary, called Bloody Mary 
( '553-1558). and during the first twelve years of the reign of her succes- 
sor, Elizabeth, that is to say, both during and after the reformation 
period, the Papists, as they were called, and the loyal members of the 
Church of England gathered ii. the same church buildings; no separate 
bouses of worship were set up In 1570, Pope Pius V offered Queen Eliz- 
abeth to accept the Book of Common Prayer and the Reforma- 
tion if his supremacy was acknowledged. Queen Elizabeth refused 
with the words, "Our records show that the papal jurisdiction over 
this realm was a usurpation; to no power whatever is my crown sub- 
ject save to that of Christ, the King of Kings." Pope Pius V then 
excommunicated the Q..een and ordered his adherents to separate 
themselves from the Church of England, out of 9,400 clergy less 
than 200 obeyed, and set up a separate worship forming what the 
late Bishop Coxe called the Italian schism, and which to-day is kuown 
as the Roman Catholic Church in luigland and America. 



(The above notes are, for the most part, taken from publications of 
the Church Historical Society, published by the Society for Promoting 
Christian Knowledge, London, England, from an article in the Church- 
man, September 16, 1893, and Eighteen Centuries of the Orthodox Greek 
Church by A. H. Hore.) 

G. C. F. Bratenahl, D.D., 
Rector of St. Alban's and Canon of Washington. 



98 



Almoner. — The title given to the Cathedral Canon or officer 
charged with the direction of Church charities and institutions. 

Apse. — An architectural term descriptive of the semi-circular, or 
polygonal, shape in which the chancel is frequently built. 

Archdeacon. — A title given in the American Church to a priest 
who presides over an Archdeaconry, one of the divisions into which a 
Diocese is divided. The x\rchdeacon usually has charge, under the 
Bishop, of the Missionary work. 

Canon. — A Greek word meaning rule. 

1. The Canon of Scripture, the books accepted by the Church as 
inspired, the Bible. 

2. Canon Law. the body of ecclesiastical laws adopted by the 
Church. 

3. Canon of the Liturgy, the rule for the celebration of the Holy 
Communion. 

4. Canon, a name given to a member of the Cathedral Chapter 
signifying that he is in an especial sense under tlie canon or rule of 
the Bishop, and that his name is inscribed as an officer on the Canon 
or Albnin of the Cathedral ; to each Clerical Canon is assigned a 
definite part of the spiritual work of the Cathedral. The Washington 
Constitution provides as follows for the maintenance and develop- 
ment under the pastoral direction of the Bishop and the Dean, his 
Vicar, of the fourfold work of a Cathedral, viz. : 

Worship, under the guidance of a Canon 1 'recentor ; 
Missions, under the guidance of a Canon Missioner ; 
Education, under the guidance of a Canon Chancellor; 
Charity, under the guidance of a Canon Almoner. 

Chapter. — A Cathedral Chapter is' the Cathedral corporation, or 
Board of Trustees, holding and managing its property and, under the 
Bishop, is in supreme control oi its government. 

99 



Council. — The Cathedral Council is a body of clergy and laxinen 
which acts as an advisory council when the I'ishop so desires, and is 
charged with the management ut public functions of the Church, 
and acts as a Scitatiis Iif'iscopi according to ancient precedent. 

Crypt. — A vaulted room beneath a Church, more especially under- 
neath the Chancel, where services are held. 

Dean. — The chief Canon of a Cathedral. As the Bishop's vicar, 
the Dean presides over the Chapter in the absence of the Bishop, and 
has the pastoral oversight of the Cathedral congregation. 

MissiONKK. — The title given to the Cathedral Canon or officer 
charged with the work of Mission preaching and the oversight of the 
Mission work of the Cathedral. 

Nave. — The body of the Church building in which the congrega- 
tion sits ; derived from the Latin word iiaz'is, meaning a ship, signi- 
fying "the ark of Christ's Cluirch." 

Precentor. — The title given to the Cathedral Canon or officer 
charged with the duty of promoting the beauty of divine worship, not 
only in the Cathedral, but elsewhere when possible, with special refer- 
ence to the proper rendering of the service and the music. 

Presbytery. — The term applied, according to ancient precedent, 
to tlie seven clerical memljers of the Cathedral Chapter who in early 
days were called "F rat res E pise o pi," and who form the Bishop's staff 
of Clergy to assist him in the administrative duties of his office. 

Reredos. — A carved or sculptured screen of wood or stone placed 
above and back of the Altar. 

Transepts. — When Churches are built in the form of a cross 
they have two wings, one on each side; these projecting wings are 
called transepts, north and south. 

V^ERGER. — The name given to the man who carries the verge, or 
staff, in a Cathedral Service. When not taking part in the service the 
Verger often acts as guide and attendant. 

VTcAR. — One who acts in place or on behalf of another; a term 
a])])lie(l in the American Church to the minister-in-charge of a con- 
gregation, or Mission Church, under the Rector of the Parish. 



100 



Catf)eDraI C!)urcl)e$ anD Q^issiong. 

The Bethlehem Chapel of the Holy Nativity, 
In the Crypt of Washington Cathedral. 

The Little Sanctuary on the Cathedral Close. 

Chapel of the Good Shepherd, 6th Street, Northeast. 
Rev. C. S. Adbott, Priest in charge. 

All Saints' Chapel, Benning. 

Rev. C. S. Abbott, Priest in charge. 

Cliapel of the Nativity, 14th and ^lass. Ave., S. E. 
Rev. E. M. Thompson, Priest in charge. 

St. Matthew's Chapel, Chesapeake Junction, D. C. 
Rev. C. S. Abbott, Priest in charge. 

Chapel of the Redeemer, Glen Echo. 
Oscar W. Roome, Lay Reader. 

Calvary Chapel, 11th and G Streets, N. E. 
Rev. F. I. A. Bennett, Priest in charge. 

St. Monica's Chapel, S. Capitol and L Streets, S. W. 
Rev. J. C. Van Loo, Priest in charge. 

Chapel of St. Philip the Evangelist, Anacostia, D. C. 
Rev. W. V Tunnell. 



102 



FORM OF TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITION 



PERSONAL PROPERTY. 
I give and bequcaUi to the Board of Trustees of the 
Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Foundation, of the Dis- 
trict of Columbia, and their successors, the sum of 

dollars. 



real estate. 

I give, devise and bequeath to the Board of Trustees 
OF THE Protestant Episcopal Cathedral Foundation of 
the District of Columbia, and their successors, forever, for 
the purposes of said Foundation 



In the District of Columbia a will of either personal 
or real estate should be attested and subscribed in the 
presence of the testator, by at least two credible witnesses. 



104 



Spiscopal Sye, 8ar 

and S^hroat 

SCospital 

1147 Fifteenth Street, Northwest 



We would call attention to the 
need for endowments, the in- 
creased facilities allowing for a 
greater number of free patients to 
be treated in dispensary and cared 
for in the house. 



NEEDS 



Surgical Supplies from $5 up to $25.00 
Pathological Laboratory . , $500.00 
Endowed Beds .... $5000.00 



Jhe J3)ioeesan £ibrary 

Open from 9 a. m. to 12 m. daily, in 

Trinity Parish Hall, Southeast corner of 

Indiana Ave. and Third St., Northwest, 

Washington, D. C. 

The Library is composed of over 2,500 
volumes. 

Reference Library of Standard Theology. 

Excellent department of Modern Mission- 
ary Literature. 

The Committee solicits gifts and be- 
quests of books. 

Reading Rooms supplied with Religious 
and Missionary Periodicals. 

J he Cathedral jOibrury 

MT. ST. ALBAN WASHINGTON, D. C. 

The Library has four sections: 
Books on — 

1. Missions. 

2. Liturgies and Devotions. 

3. Theology and Education. 

4. Sociology. 

Open every day except Sunday. 
The Library solicits gifts and bequests 
of books on the above-named subjects. 



DCational Cathedral School for S^oys 

THE LANE-JOHNSTON BUILDING 

A Country School occupying its beautiful new home 
on Mount St. Alban, Washington, D. C. 



The Bishop of Washington 
President of the Board of Trustees 

Earl L. Gregg, B.A. 
Head Master 



Magnificent modern fireproof building. ^ An able faculty of specialists offering 
exceptional preparation for Colleges and Universities. ^Delightful location, 
with all the attractions of the Capital. ^ Large and well-equipped gymnasium. 



"Pro Ecclesia et Pro Patria" 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




014 369 127 5 4 

Cathedral foundation Guilders 



I 



N ORDER that everyone may have opportunity to take part 
in an offering to the glory of God for the upraising of Wash- 
ington Cathedral, the Bishop and Chapter issue 

foundation Guilders' Certificates 

to everyone making an offering of five dollars for the Cathedral 
Foundation. This offering may be made in one sum, or 
at the rate of one dollar a year for five years, the annual pay- 
ment of one dollar being secured by the signing of the five 
coupons attached to each certificate. The names of those 
making an offering for the upraising of Washington Cathedral 
vv^ill be entered as Cathedral Foundation Builders in the 

5Book of Slemembrance 

to be kept in the chancel of the Cathedral. 



Foundation Builders' Certificates may be obtained from 
the accredited parochial agents of the Cathedral, or from 
the Cathedral Librarian, Mt. St. Alban,Washington, D.C. 



Remittances may be sent to the Bishop of Washington, or to 

THE CATHEDRAL LIBRARIAN, 

MOUNT SAINT ALBAN, 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



